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Horizontal transfer of vanA-mediated resistance among commensal and streptogramin-resistant enterococci derived from multi-component food systems

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TitleInfo (displayLabel = Citation Title); (type = uniform)
Title
Horizontal transfer of vanA-mediated resistance among commensal and streptogramin-resistant enterococci derived from multi-component food systems
Name (ID = NAME001); (type = personal)
NamePart (type = family)
Christensen
NamePart (type = given)
Erin A.
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Erin A. Christensen
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author
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Matthews
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Karl
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Advisory Committee
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Karl R. Matthews
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chair
Name (ID = NAME003); (type = personal)
NamePart (type = family)
Montville
NamePart (type = given)
Thomas
Affiliation
Advisory Committee
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Thomas J. Montville
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internal member
Name (ID = NAME004); (type = personal)
NamePart (type = family)
Tchikindas
NamePart (type = given)
Mikhail
Affiliation
Advisory Committee
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Mikhail Tchikindas
Role
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internal member
Name (ID = NAME005); (type = personal)
NamePart (type = family)
White
NamePart (type = given)
David
Affiliation
Advisory Committee
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David G. White
Role
RoleTerm (authority = RULIB)
outside member
Name (ID = NAME006); (type = corporate)
NamePart
Rutgers University
Role
RoleTerm (authority = RULIB)
degree grantor
Name (ID = NAME007); (type = corporate)
NamePart
Graduate School - New Brunswick
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school
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Text
Genre (authority = marcgt)
theses
OriginInfo
DateCreated (qualifier = exact)
2007
DateOther (qualifier = exact); (type = degree)
2007
Language
LanguageTerm
English
PhysicalDescription
Form (authority = marcform)
electronic
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application/pdf
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text/xml
Extent
xi, 118 pages
Abstract
The enterococci are commensal lactic acid bacteria of the gastrointestinal tract of humans and animals, and are ubiquitous in nature. They have a long history of use as starter cultures in European fermented foods and are used commercially as probiotics. Within the past two decades, vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) have emerged as significant nosocomial pathogens, treatable with few antibiotics. In the US, the agricultural use of virginiamycin, a streptogramin growth promoter, has raised concern regarding cross-resistance among VRE to the clinical streptogramin quinupristin-dalfopristin. Horizontal transfer of antibiotic resistance genes is mediated by aggregation substances and sex pheromones that induce conjugation, but the role of these virulence factors in enterococci of food origin is largely unknown. The potential for enterococci isolated from multi-component creamy deli salads (including macaroni, potato, chicken, and seafood) to harbor and disseminate the high-level vancomycin resistance gene vanA among more virulent native enterococci was investigated. Initial filter mating between a clinical Enterococcus faecalis isolate carrying vanA and a commensal, vancomycin susceptible E. faecium salad recipient that harbored no virulence genes was demonstrated at a frequency of 10-8 per recipient. The rate of secondary transfer of vanA by this transconjugant to both food and animal enterococci carrying the streptogramin resistance genes vatE or vatD and/or the selected virulence genes agg, gelE, cpd, and efa increased three log-fold. In primary and secondary matings, multiple antibiotic resistance patterns increased for all transconjugants. Additionally, expression of vanA in the absence of selective antibiotic pressure was determined by reverse transcriptase-PCR and found to occur in the primary transconjugant but not in the donor. Results demonstrate that foodborne commensal enterococci from multi-component foods can receive and disseminate vanA to food and animal enterococci that harbor streptogramin resistance and/or virulence genes. The potential for transfer events to occur among commensal and virulent enterococci in foods must be considered for the safe use of Enterococcus in starter cultures and probiotics.
Note (type = degree)
Ph.D.
Note (type = bibliography)
Includes bibliographical references.
Subject (ID = SUBJ1); (authority = RUETD)
Topic
Food Science
Subject (ID = SUBJ2); (authority = ETD-LCSH)
Topic
Enterococcus
Subject (ID = SUBJ3); (authority = ETD-LCSH)
Topic
Streptogramins
Subject (ID = SUBJ4); (authority = ETD-LCSH)
Topic
Antibiotics
RelatedItem (type = host)
TitleInfo
Title
Graduate School - New Brunswick Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Identifier (type = local)
rucore19991600001
Identifier (type = hdl)
http://hdl.rutgers.edu/1782.2/rucore10001600001.ETD.15806
Identifier
ETD_389
Location
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NjNbRU
Identifier (type = doi)
doi:10.7282/T3MP53Q4
Genre (authority = ExL-Esploro)
ETD doctoral
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The author owns the copyright to this work.
Copyright
Status
Copyright protected
Availability
Status
Open
AssociatedEntity (AUTHORITY = rulib); (ID = 1)
Name
Erin Christensen
Role
Copyright holder
Affiliation
Rutgers University. Graduate School - New Brunswick
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Type
Permission or license
Detail
Non-exclusive ETD license
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License
Name
Author Agreement License
Detail
I hereby grant to the Rutgers University Libraries and to my school the non-exclusive right to archive, reproduce and distribute my thesis or dissertation, in whole or in part, and/or my abstract, in whole or in part, in and from an electronic format, subject to the release date subsequently stipulated in this submittal form and approved by my school. I represent and stipulate that the thesis or dissertation and its abstract are my original work, that they do not infringe or violate any rights of others, and that I make these grants as the sole owner of the rights to my thesis or dissertation and its abstract. I represent that I have obtained written permissions, when necessary, from the owner(s) of each third party copyrighted matter to be included in my thesis or dissertation and will supply copies of such upon request by my school. I acknowledge that RU ETD and my school will not distribute my thesis or dissertation or its abstract if, in their reasonable judgment, they believe all such rights have not been secured. I acknowledge that I retain ownership rights to the copyright of my work. I also retain the right to use all or part of this thesis or dissertation in future works, such as articles or books.
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