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A practical method for developing context-sensitive residential parking standards
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Title
A practical method for developing context-sensitive residential parking standards
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Cuddy
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Matthew R.
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Matthew R. Cuddy
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Listokin
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David
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Advisory Committee
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David Listokin
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chair
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Andrews
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Advisory Committee
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Clinton J Andrews
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internal member
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DiGiovanna
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Sean
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Advisory Committee
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Sean M DiGiovanna
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internal member
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Ewing
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Advisory Committee
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Reid H Ewing
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outside member
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Rutgers University
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Graduate School - New Brunswick
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theses
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2007
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2007
Language
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English
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electronic
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x, 170 pages
Abstract
Responsibility for establishing minimum parking requirements for new development largely falls on local governments. Unfortunately, many municipalities do not create parking standards that are appropriate to the various uses and locations that they regulate. Local parking standards are rarely derived from parking utilization studies, and are instead based on small, nationwide samples drawn from varying land use contexts offering varying transportation options. The standards applied to a particular development often do not depend on its physical environment.
The present research takes an important step in improving parking regulation: it develops a method for computing context-sensitive residential parking standards. First, it reviews transportation analysis literature to discern the latest thinking on the relationship between vehicle ownership-the main component of residential parking demand-and environmental and demographic variables. Second, it translates these lessons into a form appropriate for land use regulation. Third, it proposes and validates a method for estimating household vehicle ownership using only regulation-appropriate variables.
The proposed method, called the VULO method, for Vehicles from Unit choice with a Location-based Offset, is a useful tool for evaluating current residential parking standards and developing new standards. It is based in the latest understanding of the relationships between residential unit choice and vehicle ownership. It is procedurally simple: use microdata to estimate household vehicle ownership, and correct that estimate to align the estimated and actual average vehicle ownership at the Census block group level. It is designed to use only publicly available data, allowing planners throughout the US to implement it immediately. Finally, it offers better estimates of household vehicle ownership than alternative methods.
The VULO method offers the promise of rationalizing residential parking standards throughout the US. If implemented, it could reduce residential parking oversupply, especially in infill situations. In turn, this should result in accelerated infill development, less expensive housing, and more pleasant urban environments. At a minimum, it will advance the discussion of whether and how to improve parking standards.
The present research takes an important step in improving parking regulation: it develops a method for computing context-sensitive residential parking standards. First, it reviews transportation analysis literature to discern the latest thinking on the relationship between vehicle ownership-the main component of residential parking demand-and environmental and demographic variables. Second, it translates these lessons into a form appropriate for land use regulation. Third, it proposes and validates a method for estimating household vehicle ownership using only regulation-appropriate variables.
The proposed method, called the VULO method, for Vehicles from Unit choice with a Location-based Offset, is a useful tool for evaluating current residential parking standards and developing new standards. It is based in the latest understanding of the relationships between residential unit choice and vehicle ownership. It is procedurally simple: use microdata to estimate household vehicle ownership, and correct that estimate to align the estimated and actual average vehicle ownership at the Census block group level. It is designed to use only publicly available data, allowing planners throughout the US to implement it immediately. Finally, it offers better estimates of household vehicle ownership than alternative methods.
The VULO method offers the promise of rationalizing residential parking standards throughout the US. If implemented, it could reduce residential parking oversupply, especially in infill situations. In turn, this should result in accelerated infill development, less expensive housing, and more pleasant urban environments. At a minimum, it will advance the discussion of whether and how to improve parking standards.
Note
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Ph.D.
Note
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Includes bibliographical references (p. 140-151).
Subject
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Topic
Planning and Public Policy
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Topic
Automobile parking
Subject
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Topic
Housing development
Subject
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Topic
City planning
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Graduate School - New Brunswick Electronic Theses and Dissertations
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rucore19991600001
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http://hdl.rutgers.edu/1782.2/rucore10001600001.ETD.15807
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ETD_401
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doi:10.7282/T3RB7520
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ETD doctoral
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Rights
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The author owns the copyright to this work.
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Copyright protected
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Open
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Matthew Cuddy
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Rutgers University. Graduate School - New Brunswick
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Non-exclusive ETD license
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Author Agreement License
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I hereby grant to the Rutgers University Libraries and to my school the non-exclusive right to archive, reproduce and distribute my thesis or dissertation, in whole or in part, and/or my abstract, in whole or in part, in and from an electronic format, subject to the release date subsequently stipulated in this submittal form and approved by my school. I represent and stipulate that the thesis or dissertation and its abstract are my original work, that they do not infringe or violate any rights of others, and that I make these grants as the sole owner of the rights to my thesis or dissertation and its abstract. I represent that I have obtained written permissions, when necessary, from the owner(s) of each third party copyrighted matter to be included in my thesis or dissertation and will supply copies of such upon request by my school. I acknowledge that RU ETD and my school will not distribute my thesis or dissertation or its abstract if, in their reasonable judgment, they believe all such rights have not been secured. I acknowledge that I retain ownership rights to the copyright of my work. I also retain the right to use all or part of this thesis or dissertation in future works, such as articles or books.
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