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Hollow glass waveguides with multilayer polystyrene and metal sulfide thin film coatings for improved infrared transmission
Descriptive
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Title
Hollow glass waveguides with multilayer polystyrene and metal sulfide thin film coatings for improved infrared transmission
Name
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Johnson
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Valencia S.
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Valencia S. Johnson
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author
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Harrington
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James
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Advisory Committee
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James A Harrington
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chair
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Matthewson
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Michael
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Advisory Committee
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Michael John Matthewson
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internal member
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KLEIN
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LISA
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Advisory Committee
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LISA C KLEIN
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internal member
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Sigel
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George
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Advisory Committee
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George H Sigel
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internal member
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Johnson
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David
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Advisory Committee
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David W Johnson
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outside member
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Rutgers University
Role
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degree grantor
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Graduate School - New Brunswick
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school
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theses
OriginInfo
DateCreated
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2007
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2007
Language
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English
PhysicalDescription
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electronic
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application/pdf
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text/xml
Extent
xiv, 159 pages
Abstract
The overall goal of this project was to improve transmission of infrared radiation in hollow waveguides. First, polystyrene was studied as a new dielectric material for silver-coated hollow glass waveguides. The deposition and performance of polystyrene, as a single dielectric layer, were investigated. The potential of polystyrene as the low index of refraction material in a multilayer coating was also demonstrated. Cadmium sulfide and lead sulfide were each considered as the high index material in the multilayer stack. Multilayer silver coated hollow glass waveguides can be formed using polystyrene and either cadmium sulfide or lead sulfide. These material pairs are interesting because they form a multilayer structure with high index contrast, which can significantly lower the loss of a waveguide.
The deposition of lead sulfide was also optimized in this project. Lead sulfide, as a single layer dielectric coating, is an attractive material for transmission of longer wavelength radiation, especially 10.6 µm. It is also of interest for emerging applications such as metals processing by lasers because hollow waveguides with silver and lead sulfide can make a low loss waveguide. Losses as low as 0.1dB/m were achieved.
The deposition of zinc sulfide and zinc selenide was also investigated in this project. They are of interest because of their small extinction coefficients at longer wavelengths and potential for use in waveguides used for materials processing. The numerous simultaneous chemical reactions occurring during deposition of these materials makes obtaining pure films difficult.
Gold was evaluated as a replacement for silver as the highly reflecting metallic layer. It was considered an attractive alternative because it has greater resistance to degradation in high temperature and corrosive environments.
All samples were made using an electroless process. Characterization of the samples was performed using the optical techniques of FTIR and UV-visible spectroscopy. Loss measurements were performed in the laboratory using Er:YAG and CO2 infrared lasers. Profilometry measurements were conducted to quantify the roughness of the polymer films and the metal sulfide films. Polymer films had roughness values between 25 and 40 nm and when overcoated with CdS the roughness increased to 240 nm.
The deposition of lead sulfide was also optimized in this project. Lead sulfide, as a single layer dielectric coating, is an attractive material for transmission of longer wavelength radiation, especially 10.6 µm. It is also of interest for emerging applications such as metals processing by lasers because hollow waveguides with silver and lead sulfide can make a low loss waveguide. Losses as low as 0.1dB/m were achieved.
The deposition of zinc sulfide and zinc selenide was also investigated in this project. They are of interest because of their small extinction coefficients at longer wavelengths and potential for use in waveguides used for materials processing. The numerous simultaneous chemical reactions occurring during deposition of these materials makes obtaining pure films difficult.
Gold was evaluated as a replacement for silver as the highly reflecting metallic layer. It was considered an attractive alternative because it has greater resistance to degradation in high temperature and corrosive environments.
All samples were made using an electroless process. Characterization of the samples was performed using the optical techniques of FTIR and UV-visible spectroscopy. Loss measurements were performed in the laboratory using Er:YAG and CO2 infrared lasers. Profilometry measurements were conducted to quantify the roughness of the polymer films and the metal sulfide films. Polymer films had roughness values between 25 and 40 nm and when overcoated with CdS the roughness increased to 240 nm.
Note
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Ph.D.
Note
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Includes bibliographical references.
Subject
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Topic
Ceramic and Materials Science and Engineering
Subject
(ID = SUBJ2);
(authority = ETD-LCSH)
Topic
Wave guides
Subject
(ID = SUBJ3);
(authority = ETD-LCSH)
Topic
Thin films
Subject
(ID = SUBJ4);
(authority = ETD-LCSH)
Topic
Coatings
Subject
(ID = SUBJ5);
(authority = ETD-LCSH)
Topic
Infrared radiation
Subject
(ID = SUBJ6);
(authority = ETD-LCSH)
Topic
Electromagnetic waves
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Title
Graduate School - New Brunswick Electronic Theses and Dissertations
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rucore19991600001
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http://hdl.rutgers.edu/1782.2/rucore10001600001.ETD.16401
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ETD_489
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Identifier
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doi:10.7282/T3J67HBG
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ETD doctoral
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The author owns the copyright to this work.
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Copyright protected
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Open
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Name
Valencia Johnson
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Affiliation
Rutgers University. Graduate School - New Brunswick
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Non-exclusive ETD license
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Author Agreement License
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I hereby grant to the Rutgers University Libraries and to my school the non-exclusive right to archive, reproduce and distribute my thesis or dissertation, in whole or in part, and/or my abstract, in whole or in part, in and from an electronic format, subject to the release date subsequently stipulated in this submittal form and approved by my school. I represent and stipulate that the thesis or dissertation and its abstract are my original work, that they do not infringe or violate any rights of others, and that I make these grants as the sole owner of the rights to my thesis or dissertation and its abstract. I represent that I have obtained written permissions, when necessary, from the owner(s) of each third party copyrighted matter to be included in my thesis or dissertation and will supply copies of such upon request by my school. I acknowledge that RU ETD and my school will not distribute my thesis or dissertation or its abstract if, in their reasonable judgment, they believe all such rights have not been secured. I acknowledge that I retain ownership rights to the copyright of my work. I also retain the right to use all or part of this thesis or dissertation in future works, such as articles or books.
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