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Taste and endocrine factors in women with gestational diabetes mellitus
Descriptive
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Title
Taste and endocrine factors in women with gestational diabetes mellitus
Name
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Belzer
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Lisa Michelle
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Lisa Michelle Belzer
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author
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Beverly
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Advisory Committee
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Beverly J Tepper
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chair
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Watford
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Malcolm
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Advisory Committee
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Malcolm Watford
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internal member
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Shapses
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Susan
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Advisory Committee
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Susan A Shapses
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(authority = RULIB)
internal member
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Smulian
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John
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Advisory Committee
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John C Smulian
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outside member
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Rutgers University
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degree grantor
Name
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Graduate School - New Brunswick
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school
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Text
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theses
OriginInfo
DateCreated
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2008
DateOther
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2008-01
Language
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English
PhysicalDescription
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electronic
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application/pdf
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text/xml
Extent
xv, 165 pages
Abstract
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is hyperglycemia first identified during pregnancy. Many metabolic parameters increase across normal gestation, but may exceed those levels in pregnancies where GDM develops. Studies on the time course and pattern of metabolic factors in GDM are conflicting. Additionally, past research suggests changes in cravings and dietary intake during normal pregnancy and taste alterations in diabetes and pregnancy. Such parameters have been studied only on a limited basis in women with GDM. In this dissertation, we examined metabolic, taste and dietary measures across pregnancy.
The temporal profile of insulin, cortisol and leptin was determined in women who developed GDM and those who remained normal glucose tolerant (NGT). Fasting insulin levels were higher at 24-28 weeks gestation than during postpartum in women with GDM, however it was not until 34-38 weeks that insulin differed from postpartum in NGT women. Both pregnant groups showed similar increases in cortisol levels across gestation. From 16-20 weeks to 24-28 weeks, leptin rose rapidly in women with GDM and was marginally higher in GDM women relative to NGT women at 24-28 weeks. By 34-38 weeks, leptin values did not differ between pregnant groups.
We also studied pregnancy and GDM effects on sweet taste perception and preference, and examined relationships of taste parameters with circulating hormones. Women with GDM exhibited higher preference for sucrose-sweetened milk as well as positive relationships between liking of glucose solutions and sucrose-sweetened milk and insulin and leptin, respectively. Women with NGT reported higher intake of all sweet food and beverage at 24-28 weeks, primarily as fruit and fruit juice, while women with GDM reported higher frequency of sweet cravings at 34-38 weeks gestation.
These results suggest that women challenged with concurrent pregnancy and diabetes exhibit early rises in insulin and leptin during gestation and such endocrine changes may be related to elements of sweet taste. Additionally, during late gestation, although women with GDM report following a carbohydrate controlled diet, they show a higher preference and craving for sweet taste. In GDM, alterations in sweet taste and differences in sweet cravings and food intake may be metabolically or psychologically based.
The temporal profile of insulin, cortisol and leptin was determined in women who developed GDM and those who remained normal glucose tolerant (NGT). Fasting insulin levels were higher at 24-28 weeks gestation than during postpartum in women with GDM, however it was not until 34-38 weeks that insulin differed from postpartum in NGT women. Both pregnant groups showed similar increases in cortisol levels across gestation. From 16-20 weeks to 24-28 weeks, leptin rose rapidly in women with GDM and was marginally higher in GDM women relative to NGT women at 24-28 weeks. By 34-38 weeks, leptin values did not differ between pregnant groups.
We also studied pregnancy and GDM effects on sweet taste perception and preference, and examined relationships of taste parameters with circulating hormones. Women with GDM exhibited higher preference for sucrose-sweetened milk as well as positive relationships between liking of glucose solutions and sucrose-sweetened milk and insulin and leptin, respectively. Women with NGT reported higher intake of all sweet food and beverage at 24-28 weeks, primarily as fruit and fruit juice, while women with GDM reported higher frequency of sweet cravings at 34-38 weeks gestation.
These results suggest that women challenged with concurrent pregnancy and diabetes exhibit early rises in insulin and leptin during gestation and such endocrine changes may be related to elements of sweet taste. Additionally, during late gestation, although women with GDM report following a carbohydrate controlled diet, they show a higher preference and craving for sweet taste. In GDM, alterations in sweet taste and differences in sweet cravings and food intake may be metabolically or psychologically based.
Note
(type = degree)
Ph.D.
Note
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Includes bibliographical references.
Subject
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Topic
Nutritional Sciences
Subject
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Topic
Diabetes in pregnancy
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TitleInfo
Title
Graduate School - New Brunswick Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Identifier
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rucore19991600001
Identifier
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http://hdl.rutgers.edu/1782.2/rucore10001600001.ETD.17097
Identifier
ETD_727
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NjNbRU
Identifier
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doi:10.7282/T32R3S2V
Genre
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ETD doctoral
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Rights
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The author owns the copyright to this work.
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Copyright protected
Availability
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Open
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Name
Lisa Belzer
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Copyright holder
Affiliation
Rutgers University. Graduate School - New Brunswick
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Non-exclusive ETD license
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Author Agreement License
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I hereby grant to the Rutgers University Libraries and to my school the non-exclusive right to archive, reproduce and distribute my thesis or dissertation, in whole or in part, and/or my abstract, in whole or in part, in and from an electronic format, subject to the release date subsequently stipulated in this submittal form and approved by my school. I represent and stipulate that the thesis or dissertation and its abstract are my original work, that they do not infringe or violate any rights of others, and that I make these grants as the sole owner of the rights to my thesis or dissertation and its abstract. I represent that I have obtained written permissions, when necessary, from the owner(s) of each third party copyrighted matter to be included in my thesis or dissertation and will supply copies of such upon request by my school. I acknowledge that RU ETD and my school will not distribute my thesis or dissertation or its abstract if, in their reasonable judgment, they believe all such rights have not been secured. I acknowledge that I retain ownership rights to the copyright of my work. I also retain the right to use all or part of this thesis or dissertation in future works, such as articles or books.
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