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On the scalability of ad hoc wireless networks
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Title
On the scalability of ad hoc wireless networks
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Zhao
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Suli
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Suli Zhao
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Raychaudhuri
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Dipankar
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Advisory Committee
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Dipankar Raychaudhuri
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Yates
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Roy
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Roy Yates
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Wade
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Advisory Committee
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Wade Trappe
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Advisory Committee
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Arup Acharya
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Rutgers University
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Graduate School - New Brunswick
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theses
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2008
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2008-01
Language
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English
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electronic
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xiii, 121 pages
Abstract
This dissertation considers the problem of scaling ad hoc wireless networks now being applied to urban mesh and sensor networks scenarios. Ad hoc networks involve multi-hop communication which has inherent scaling problems in that throughput per node drops as the square root of the number of nodes in the network. We investigate mechanisms for improving performance and scalability of multi-hop wireless networks, with focus on system architecture and routing protocol aspects.
First we propose a generalized multi-tier hierarchical hybrid network with three tiers of radio nodes: low-power end-user mobile nodes (MN) at the lowest tier, higher power radio forwarding nodes (FN) that support multi-hop routing at intermediate level, and wired access points (AP) at the highest level. We present an analytical model for the capacity of the proposed network and identify conditions on transmission range and node density for scalability to be maintained. From the derived upper and lower bounds, it is shown that the low-tier capacity increases linearly with the number of FN's, and that the high-tier capacity grows linearly with the number of AP's in the scaling region.
The analytically obtained capacity results are validated with detailed system simulations for dense network scenarios. The simulation study also examines the allocation of separate channels to avoid the increased protocol overhead which arises in the single channel case. A heuristic distributed channel assignment algorithm is proposed to achieve conflict-free transmissions in the network.
Next, we investigate cross-layer adaptive routing as another type of scaling mechanism. An adaptive routing framework, which allows introduction of adjustable parameters and programmable routing modules, is described. The proposed framework can support various cross-layer mechanisms including those based on integrated routing metrics that incorporate PHY and MAC information.
We investigate a PHY/MAC aware routing metric (PARMA) which incorporates physical layer link speed and MAC congestion. Design and implementation of PARMA are outlined, and simulation results for typical multi-rate 802.11 ad hoc network scenarios show that PARMA helps improve throughput and decrease congestion by selecting paths with high bit-rate links while avoiding MAC congestion areas.
First we propose a generalized multi-tier hierarchical hybrid network with three tiers of radio nodes: low-power end-user mobile nodes (MN) at the lowest tier, higher power radio forwarding nodes (FN) that support multi-hop routing at intermediate level, and wired access points (AP) at the highest level. We present an analytical model for the capacity of the proposed network and identify conditions on transmission range and node density for scalability to be maintained. From the derived upper and lower bounds, it is shown that the low-tier capacity increases linearly with the number of FN's, and that the high-tier capacity grows linearly with the number of AP's in the scaling region.
The analytically obtained capacity results are validated with detailed system simulations for dense network scenarios. The simulation study also examines the allocation of separate channels to avoid the increased protocol overhead which arises in the single channel case. A heuristic distributed channel assignment algorithm is proposed to achieve conflict-free transmissions in the network.
Next, we investigate cross-layer adaptive routing as another type of scaling mechanism. An adaptive routing framework, which allows introduction of adjustable parameters and programmable routing modules, is described. The proposed framework can support various cross-layer mechanisms including those based on integrated routing metrics that incorporate PHY and MAC information.
We investigate a PHY/MAC aware routing metric (PARMA) which incorporates physical layer link speed and MAC congestion. Design and implementation of PARMA are outlined, and simulation results for typical multi-rate 802.11 ad hoc network scenarios show that PARMA helps improve throughput and decrease congestion by selecting paths with high bit-rate links while avoiding MAC congestion areas.
Note
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Ph.D.
Note
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Includes bibliographical references (p. 113-119).
Subject
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Topic
Electrical and Computer Engineering
Subject
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Topic
Ad hoc networks (Computer networks)
Subject
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Topic
Wireless communication systems
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Graduate School - New Brunswick Electronic Theses and Dissertations
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rucore19991600001
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http://hdl.rutgers.edu/1782.2/rucore10001600001.ETD.17244
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ETD_583
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doi:10.7282/T3TT4R9G
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ETD doctoral
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Rights
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Suli Zhao
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Rutgers University. Graduate School - New Brunswick
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Author Agreement License
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I hereby grant to the Rutgers University Libraries and to my school the non-exclusive right to archive, reproduce and distribute my thesis or dissertation, in whole or in part, and/or my abstract, in whole or in part, in and from an electronic format, subject to the release date subsequently stipulated in this submittal form and approved by my school. I represent and stipulate that the thesis or dissertation and its abstract are my original work, that they do not infringe or violate any rights of others, and that I make these grants as the sole owner of the rights to my thesis or dissertation and its abstract. I represent that I have obtained written permissions, when necessary, from the owner(s) of each third party copyrighted matter to be included in my thesis or dissertation and will supply copies of such upon request by my school. I acknowledge that RU ETD and my school will not distribute my thesis or dissertation or its abstract if, in their reasonable judgment, they believe all such rights have not been secured. I acknowledge that I retain ownership rights to the copyright of my work. I also retain the right to use all or part of this thesis or dissertation in future works, such as articles or books.
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