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A study of the nutritional and medicinal values of Moringa oleifera leaves from sub-Saharan Africa: Ghana, Rwanda, Senegal and Zambia
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TitleInfo
Title
A study of the nutritional and medicinal values of Moringa oleifera leaves from sub-Saharan Africa: Ghana, Rwanda, Senegal and Zambia
Name
(type = personal)
NamePart
(type = family)
Coppin
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Julia
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Julia Coppin
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(authority = RULIB)
author
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(type = family)
Simon
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James
Affiliation
Advisory Committee
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James E. Simon
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chair
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(type = family)
Lavoie
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Edmond
Affiliation
Advisory Committee
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Edmond Lavoie
Role
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co-chair
Name
(type = personal)
NamePart
(type = family)
Wu
NamePart
(type = given)
Qingli
Affiliation
Advisory Committee
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Qingli Wu
Role
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(authority = RULIB)
co-chair
Name
(type = personal)
NamePart
(type = family)
Juliani
NamePart
(type = given)
Rodolfo
Affiliation
Advisory Committee
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Rodolfo Juliani
Role
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(authority = RULIB)
co-chair
Name
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NamePart
Rutgers University
Role
RoleTerm
(authority = RULIB)
degree grantor
Name
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NamePart
Graduate School - New Brunswick
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school
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Text
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theses
OriginInfo
DateCreated
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2008
DateOther
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2008-05
Language
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English
PhysicalDescription
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electronic
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application/pdf
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text/xml
Extent
xi, 113 pages
Abstract
Moringa oleifera is an important multipurpose tropical tree under-recognized for its nutritional and medicinal properties. Leaves of M. oleifera collected from the sub-Saharan African countries of Ghana, Rwanda, Senegal and Zambia were analyzed for their nutritional value and bioactivity by UV-Vis spectrophotometry and HPLC coupled with UV and MS detectors. Moringa leaves were found to provide low amounts of vitamin C (0.351 ± 0.046 to 0.749 ± 0.014 mg/100g DW (DW)) as determined using UV spectrophotometry. Using LC/MS, We identified α- and γ- tocopherols, α- and β- carotenes, six analogues of chlorogenic acid including 4 caffeoylquinic acids and 2 coumaroylquinic acids (structural and/or spatial isomers), and chlorogenic acid was used as the standard to estimate the amount of these six phenolic acids. Chlorogenic acid was used as the standard to estimate the amount of these six cumulative isomers by LC/MS. Additionally, in Moringa leaves we detected one sample containing as many as 12 flavonoids including quercetin and kaempferol glycosides with malonyl, acetyl and succinoyl acylations, among which; quercetin and kaempferol glucosides and glucoside malonates are the major constituents based on analysis of their UV and MS data. Using LC/UV/MS, the quercetin and kaempferol aglycones of quercetin and kaempferol in acidic hydrolyzed extracts were successfully separated within 10 min and individually quantitated. A total of 25 samples were assayed for the chlorogenic acid isomers analogs (0.181 to 0.414 mg/100 g DW), tocopherols (7.1 to 116 mg/100 g DW), carotenoids (4.49 to 45.94 mg/100 g DW) and flavonoids (0.179 to 1.643 % g DW). The concentrations of these phytochemicals varied according to the environment, country of collection, genetics, and variety of Moringa oleifera. The nutritional and natural products characterization of Moringa conducted in this study show that the leaves of this plant can contribute significantly to the daily recommended allowance needed for many vitamins and mineral needs as well as serve as a rich source of polyphenols, confirming the importance and role that Moringa can play to improve the health and nutrition particularly in malnourished populations.
Note
(type = degree)
M.S.
Note
(type = bibliography)
Includes bibliographical references (p. 102-113).
Subject
(authority = RUETD)
Topic
Medicinal Chemistry
Subject
(authority = ETD-LCSH)
Topic
Moringa oleifera
Subject
(authority = ETD-LCSH)
Topic
Multipurpose trees
Subject
(authority = ETD-LCSH)
Topic
Medicinal plants
RelatedItem
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TitleInfo
Title
Graduate School - New Brunswick Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Identifier
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rucore19991600001
Identifier
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http://hdl.rutgers.edu/1782.2/rucore10001600001.ETD.17294
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ETD_1026
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NjNbRU
Identifier
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doi:10.7282/T3MG7PVN
Genre
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ETD graduate
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Rights
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The author owns the copyright to this work.
Copyright
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Copyright protected
Availability
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Open
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Name
Julia Coppin
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Copyright holder
Affiliation
Rutgers University. Graduate School - New Brunswick
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Permission or license
Detail
Non-exclusive ETD license
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License
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Author Agreement License
Detail
I hereby grant to the Rutgers University Libraries and to my school the non-exclusive right to archive, reproduce and distribute my thesis or dissertation, in whole or in part, and/or my abstract, in whole or in part, in and from an electronic format, subject to the release date subsequently stipulated in this submittal form and approved by my school. I represent and stipulate that the thesis or dissertation and its abstract are my original work, that they do not infringe or violate any rights of others, and that I make these grants as the sole owner of the rights to my thesis or dissertation and its abstract. I represent that I have obtained written permissions, when necessary, from the owner(s) of each third party copyrighted matter to be included in my thesis or dissertation and will supply copies of such upon request by my school. I acknowledge that RU ETD and my school will not distribute my thesis or dissertation or its abstract if, in their reasonable judgment, they believe all such rights have not been secured. I acknowledge that I retain ownership rights to the copyright of my work. I also retain the right to use all or part of this thesis or dissertation in future works, such as articles or books.
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