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The cadastre and the colony: surveying, territory, and legibility in the creation of South Africa, c. 1860-1913
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The cadastre and the colony: surveying, territory, and legibility in the creation of South Africa, c. 1860-1913
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Surveying, territory, and legibility in the creation of South Africa, c. 1860-1913
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Braun
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Lindsay Frederick
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Lindsay Frederick Braun
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Adas
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Michael
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Michael Adas
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chair
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Howard
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Allen
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Advisory Committee
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Allen Howard
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internal member
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Livingston
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Julie
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Advisory Committee
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Julie Livingston
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internal member
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Burnett
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D
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Advisory Committee
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D Graham Burnett
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outside member
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Rutgers University
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degree grantor
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Graduate School - New Brunswick
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theses
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2008
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2008-10
Language
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English
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electronic
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xi, 413 pages
Abstract
This thesis explores the creation and negotiation of the South African state's geographical basis through a comparative study of surveying and cartography between the 1850s and 1920s in two regions: the Kei river valley and the northeastern quarter of the former Transvaal. The two regions' distinct histories show that different local beginnings, patterns of encounter and resistance, and relations with colonial administrations led to the emergence of different philosophies of spatial incorporation in both loci of cross-cultural encounter. Reconciling the philosophies and orders that developed in each region before 1900 in the period after the South African War ultimately led to the rise of territorial segregation to eventual ascendancy as a strategy for control under the Union Government after 1910. In order to define such segregation, the notional body of the colonial state required completion, and in that endeavor the surveyor was an essential figure.
Through the medium of the surveyor and the cartographer, the colonial state sought to assay, divide, separate, and repurpose the land, and often came into conflict with competing spatial orders on the ground as well as local actors with different agendas in the process. That conflict increasingly pitted European agricultural settlers or labor-hungry mining concerns against local producers and African authorities, but opposition was not always the case, and a great deal of porosity and uncertainty existed at the edge of the surveyor's cadastre that defied the absolute value the diagram suggested. The various measures of the South African regimes that followed built upon the negotiated order of the colony, and aimed at giving force to the idealized order of the colonial map and the geographical archive of representative deeds, diagrams, photographs, and numbers that lent it power.
Through the medium of the surveyor and the cartographer, the colonial state sought to assay, divide, separate, and repurpose the land, and often came into conflict with competing spatial orders on the ground as well as local actors with different agendas in the process. That conflict increasingly pitted European agricultural settlers or labor-hungry mining concerns against local producers and African authorities, but opposition was not always the case, and a great deal of porosity and uncertainty existed at the edge of the surveyor's cadastre that defied the absolute value the diagram suggested. The various measures of the South African regimes that followed built upon the negotiated order of the colony, and aimed at giving force to the idealized order of the colonial map and the geographical archive of representative deeds, diagrams, photographs, and numbers that lent it power.
Note
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Ph.D.
Note
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Includes bibliographical references (p. 378-410).
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History
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South Africa--History--1836-1909
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South Africa--History--1909-1961
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Graduate School - New Brunswick Electronic Theses and Dissertations
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http://hdl.rutgers.edu/1782.2/rucore10001600001.ETD.17441
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doi:10.7282/T3ZS2WT0
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ETD doctoral
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Rights
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The author owns the copyright to this work.
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Copyright protected
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Open
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Non-exclusive ETD license
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I hereby grant to the Rutgers University Libraries and to my school the non-exclusive right to archive, reproduce and distribute my thesis or dissertation, in whole or in part, and/or my abstract, in whole or in part, in and from an electronic format, subject to the release date subsequently stipulated in this submittal form and approved by my school. I represent and stipulate that the thesis or dissertation and its abstract are my original work, that they do not infringe or violate any rights of others, and that I make these grants as the sole owner of the rights to my thesis or dissertation and its abstract. I represent that I have obtained written permissions, when necessary, from the owner(s) of each third party copyrighted matter to be included in my thesis or dissertation and will supply copies of such upon request by my school. I acknowledge that RU ETD and my school will not distribute my thesis or dissertation or its abstract if, in their reasonable judgment, they believe all such rights have not been secured. I acknowledge that I retain ownership rights to the copyright of my work. I also retain the right to use all or part of this thesis or dissertation in future works, such as articles or books.
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DateTime
2010-10-31
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Access to this PDF has been restricted at the author's request. It will be publicly available after December 31, 2011.
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