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Pulsed electrical discharge in gas bubbles in water
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Title
Pulsed electrical discharge in gas bubbles in water
Name
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Gershman
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Sophia
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Sophia Gershman
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author
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Madey
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Theodore
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Advisory Committee
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Theodore Madey
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chair
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Coleman
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Piers
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Advisory Committee
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Piers Coleman
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Koller
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Noemie
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Advisory Committee
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Noemie Koller
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internal member
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Gustafsson
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Torgny
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Advisory Committee
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Torgny Gustafsson
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internal member
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Becker
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Kurt
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Advisory Committee
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Kurt Becker
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Rutgers University
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Graduate School - New Brunswick
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theses
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2008
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2008-10
Language
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English
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electronic
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application/pdf
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Extent
xii, 186 pages
Abstract
A phenomenological picture of pulsed electrical discharge in gas bubbles in water is produced by combining electrical, spectroscopic, and imaging methods. The discharge is generated by applying one microsecond long 5 to 20 kilovolt pulses between the needle and disk electrodes submerged in water. A gas bubble is generated at the tip of the needle electrode. The study includes detailed experimental investigation of the discharge in argon bubbles and a brief look at the discharge in oxygen bubbles. Imaging, electrical characteristics, and time-resolved optical emission data point to a fast streamer propagation mechanism and formation of a plasma channel in the bubble. Spectroscopic methods based on line intensity ratios and Boltzmann plots of line intensities of argon, atomic hydrogen, and argon ions and the examination of molecular emission bands from molecular nitrogen and hydroxyl radicals provide evidence of both fast beam-like electrons and slow thermalized ones with temperatures of 0.6-0.8 electron-volts. The collisional nature of plasma at atmospheric pressure affects the decay rates of optical emission. Spectroscopic study of rotational-vibrational bands of hydroxyl radical and molecular nitrogen gives vibrational and rotational excitation temperatures of the discharge of about 0.9 and 0.1 electron-volt, respectively. Imaging and electrical evidence show that discharge charge is deposited on the bubble wall and water serves as a dielectric barrier for the field strength and time scales of this experiment. Comparing the electrical and imaging information for consecutive pulses applied at a frequency of 1 Hz indicates that each discharge proceeds as an entirely new process with no memory of the previous discharge aside from long-lived chemical species, such as ozone and oxygen. Intermediate values for the discharge gap and pulse duration, low repetition rate, and unidirectional character of the applied voltage pulses make the discharge process here unique compared to the traditional corona or dielectric barrier discharges. These conditions make the experimental evidence presented in this work valuable for the advancement of modeling and the theoretical understanding of the discharge in bubbles in water.
Note
(type = degree)
Ph.D.
Note
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Includes bibliographical references.
Subject
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Topic
Physics and Astronomy
Subject
(ID = SUBJ2);
(authority = ETD-LCSH)
Topic
Electric discharges through gases
Subject
(ID = SUBJ3);
(authority = ETD-LCSH)
Topic
Water--Purification
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Graduate School - New Brunswick Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Identifier
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rucore19991600001
Identifier
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http://hdl.rutgers.edu/1782.2/rucore10001600001.ETD.17476
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ETD_1198
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Identifier
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doi:10.7282/T30Z73K8
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ETD doctoral
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Rights
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The author owns the copyright to this work.
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Copyright protected
Availability
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Open
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Name
Sophia Gershman
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Affiliation
Rutgers University. Graduate School - New Brunswick
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Non-exclusive ETD license
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Author Agreement License
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I hereby grant to the Rutgers University Libraries and to my school the non-exclusive right to archive, reproduce and distribute my thesis or dissertation, in whole or in part, and/or my abstract, in whole or in part, in and from an electronic format, subject to the release date subsequently stipulated in this submittal form and approved by my school. I represent and stipulate that the thesis or dissertation and its abstract are my original work, that they do not infringe or violate any rights of others, and that I make these grants as the sole owner of the rights to my thesis or dissertation and its abstract. I represent that I have obtained written permissions, when necessary, from the owner(s) of each third party copyrighted matter to be included in my thesis or dissertation and will supply copies of such upon request by my school. I acknowledge that RU ETD and my school will not distribute my thesis or dissertation or its abstract if, in their reasonable judgment, they believe all such rights have not been secured. I acknowledge that I retain ownership rights to the copyright of my work. I also retain the right to use all or part of this thesis or dissertation in future works, such as articles or books.
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