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The influence of urban planning on temple design in West Greece
Descriptive
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Title
The influence of urban planning on temple design in West Greece
Name
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Grupico
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Theresa Marie
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Theresa Marie Grupico
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author
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Kenfield
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John
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John F Kenfield
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chair
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Jocelyn
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Jocelyn P Small
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Cargill
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Jack
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Advisory Committee
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Jack Cargill
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Rutgers University
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degree grantor
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Graduate School - New Brunswick
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school
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theses
OriginInfo
DateCreated
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2008
DateOther
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2008-10
Language
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English
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electronic
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application/pdf
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text/xml
Extent
xvi, 792 pages
Abstract
This dissertation addresses the questions of whether, and to what extent, West Greek urban planning influenced the design of Archaic and Classical Greek temples. The dissertation examines non-peripteral temples and sacred edifices as well as peripteral temples in both extra-urban and urban sanctuaries at nine of the most well excavated sites, and makes reference to additional buildings and sites.
The dissertation is divided into two parts. Part 1, including Chapters 1 and 2, examines the locations and layouts of sanctuaries with respect to urban layouts. Chapter 1 concludes that temples and sanctuaries were strategically positioned to fulfill the needs of urban planning. Chapter 2 concludes that urban grids encouraged the regularization of sanctuary layouts and influenced the orientations and typologies of temples. The chapter additionally finds that the horizontal and vertical lines of the peristyle and Doric frieze echoed the lines of the urban grid and reinforced the visual association between temples and grids.
Part 2, including Chapters 3 and 4, examines correlations between specific design elements of temple ground plans and urban grids. Chapter 3 examines the dimensional and proportional correlations between ground plans and grids, and concludes that temple widths and/or lengths were generally coordinated with a grid's lot width, block width, or overall module (block width plus street width). In the case of peripteral temples, the result was that the ground plan components of peristyle, stylobate, and stereobate were proportionate to each other as well as to the grid. Chapter 4 examines the method of division of grids and of peripteral temple ground plan lengths. The chapter concludes that urban grids were modularly divided according to a general rule (1: 1/2: 1/4: 1/8) or variation of this rule, and proposes that West Greek peripteral temples were similarly divided. The chapter finds that the same rule was adopted in the Temple of Zeus at Olympia, considered the canon of Classical temple architecture.
The dissertation concludes that West Greek temples were coordinated with urban grids for aesthetic and theoretical as well as pragmatic reasons, and that West Greek urban planning fostered the Greek ideal of symmetria, 'commensurability of parts.'
The dissertation is divided into two parts. Part 1, including Chapters 1 and 2, examines the locations and layouts of sanctuaries with respect to urban layouts. Chapter 1 concludes that temples and sanctuaries were strategically positioned to fulfill the needs of urban planning. Chapter 2 concludes that urban grids encouraged the regularization of sanctuary layouts and influenced the orientations and typologies of temples. The chapter additionally finds that the horizontal and vertical lines of the peristyle and Doric frieze echoed the lines of the urban grid and reinforced the visual association between temples and grids.
Part 2, including Chapters 3 and 4, examines correlations between specific design elements of temple ground plans and urban grids. Chapter 3 examines the dimensional and proportional correlations between ground plans and grids, and concludes that temple widths and/or lengths were generally coordinated with a grid's lot width, block width, or overall module (block width plus street width). In the case of peripteral temples, the result was that the ground plan components of peristyle, stylobate, and stereobate were proportionate to each other as well as to the grid. Chapter 4 examines the method of division of grids and of peripteral temple ground plan lengths. The chapter concludes that urban grids were modularly divided according to a general rule (1: 1/2: 1/4: 1/8) or variation of this rule, and proposes that West Greek peripteral temples were similarly divided. The chapter finds that the same rule was adopted in the Temple of Zeus at Olympia, considered the canon of Classical temple architecture.
The dissertation concludes that West Greek temples were coordinated with urban grids for aesthetic and theoretical as well as pragmatic reasons, and that West Greek urban planning fostered the Greek ideal of symmetria, 'commensurability of parts.'
Note
(type = degree)
Ph.D.
Note
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Includes bibliographical references (p. 261-292).
Subject
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Topic
Art History
Subject
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Topic
City planning--Greece
Subject
(authority = ETD-LCSH)
Topic
Temples--Greece--Design and construction
Subject
HierarchicalGeographic
Country
GREECE
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Title
Graduate School - New Brunswick Electronic Theses and Dissertations
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rucore19991600001
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http://hdl.rutgers.edu/1782.2/rucore10001600001.ETD.17484
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ETD_1219
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doi:10.7282/T34M94W8
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NjNbRU
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Geographic
Greece
Genre
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ETD doctoral
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Open
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Theresa Grupico
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Rutgers University. Graduate School - New Brunswick
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I hereby grant to the Rutgers University Libraries and to my school the non-exclusive right to archive, reproduce and distribute my thesis or dissertation, in whole or in part, and/or my abstract, in whole or in part, in and from an electronic format, subject to the release date subsequently stipulated in this submittal form and approved by my school. I represent and stipulate that the thesis or dissertation and its abstract are my original work, that they do not infringe or violate any rights of others, and that I make these grants as the sole owner of the rights to my thesis or dissertation and its abstract. I represent that I have obtained written permissions, when necessary, from the owner(s) of each third party copyrighted matter to be included in my thesis or dissertation and will supply copies of such upon request by my school. I acknowledge that RU ETD and my school will not distribute my thesis or dissertation or its abstract if, in their reasonable judgment, they believe all such rights have not been secured. I acknowledge that I retain ownership rights to the copyright of my work. I also retain the right to use all or part of this thesis or dissertation in future works, such as articles or books.
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