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Residence-time-fixed investigation of pressure and temperature effects on the flame synthesis of nanoparticles
Descriptive
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Title
Residence-time-fixed investigation of pressure and temperature effects on the flame synthesis of nanoparticles
Name
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Smith
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Megan E.
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Megan E. Smith
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author
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Tse
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Stephen
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Advisory Committee
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Stephen D Tse
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chair
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Lin
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Hao
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Advisory Committee
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Hao Lin
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internal member
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Prakash
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Shaurya
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Advisory Committee
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Shaurya Prakash
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Rutgers University
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Graduate School - New Brunswick
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school
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theses
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2008
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2008-10
Language
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English
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electronic
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xi, 83 pages
Abstract
The synthesis of nano-titania (n-TiO2) is investigated experimentally and computationally in low-pressure H2/O2/inert(s) burner-stabilized flat flames with strategic helium/argon/nitrogen dilution in a stagnation point geometry, using a metal-organic (titanium tetra-isopropoxide, TTIP) precursor. Gas-phase simulation is applied to compute various experimental flame structures. The employment of combinations of different molecular weight and specific heat capacity inert gases makes it possible to tailor the flame structure, so as to isolate various known parameters affecting particle growth, while maintaining fixed gas-phase residence time. Using this method, the effects of ambient pressure and temperature are studied. Two particle growth and evolution sub-models (i.e. a monodisperse model and a sectional model), which utilize the gas-phase modeling results, calculate the primary and aggregate particle sizes as a function of axial location in the flow field. After deposition on a cooled substrate, the powders are characterized ex-situ using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Brunaur-Emmet-Teller (BET) measurements to determine nanopowder characteristics, such as phase/crystallinity and specific surface area (from which primary particle size can be inferred). This study indicates that pressure, with other parameters fixed, has limited effect on particle growth. With identical temperature histories at 20, 30, and 40torr, the primary particle sizes vary by less than 1nm, computationally, and less than 0.8nm experimentally. In contrast, temperature, with other parameters fixed, plays a significant role in primary particle development. Particles generated in strategically diluted flames, with only an 80K difference in maximum temperature, have primary sizes that are more than 2.5nm different.
Note
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M.S.
Note
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Includes bibliographical references (p. 83).
Subject
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Topic
Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering
Subject
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Topic
Nanoparticles--Synthesis
Subject
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Topic
Nanostructured materials
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Graduate School - New Brunswick Electronic Theses and Dissertations
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rucore19991600001
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http://hdl.rutgers.edu/1782.2/rucore10001600001.ETD.17571
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ETD_1280
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doi:10.7282/T3M61KHW
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ETD graduate
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The author owns the copyright to this work.
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Copyright protected
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Open
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Megan Smith
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Rutgers University. Graduate School - New Brunswick
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Non-exclusive ETD license
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Author Agreement License
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I hereby grant to the Rutgers University Libraries and to my school the non-exclusive right to archive, reproduce and distribute my thesis or dissertation, in whole or in part, and/or my abstract, in whole or in part, in and from an electronic format, subject to the release date subsequently stipulated in this submittal form and approved by my school. I represent and stipulate that the thesis or dissertation and its abstract are my original work, that they do not infringe or violate any rights of others, and that I make these grants as the sole owner of the rights to my thesis or dissertation and its abstract. I represent that I have obtained written permissions, when necessary, from the owner(s) of each third party copyrighted matter to be included in my thesis or dissertation and will supply copies of such upon request by my school. I acknowledge that RU ETD and my school will not distribute my thesis or dissertation or its abstract if, in their reasonable judgment, they believe all such rights have not been secured. I acknowledge that I retain ownership rights to the copyright of my work. I also retain the right to use all or part of this thesis or dissertation in future works, such as articles or books.
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