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Thermodynamic design, characterization, and evaluation of a nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite collagen allograft composite
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Text
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Title
Thermodynamic design, characterization, and evaluation of a nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite collagen allograft composite
SubTitle
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NonSort
Identifier
ETD_1434
Identifier
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http://hdl.rutgers.edu/1782.2/rucore10001600001.ETD.000051055
Language
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eng
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theses
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Topic
Materials Science and Engineering
Subject
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(authority = ETD-LCSH)
Topic
Bone-grafting
Subject
(ID = SBJ-3);
(authority = ETD-LCSH)
Topic
Homografts
Subject
(ID = SBJ-4);
(authority = ETD-LCSH)
Topic
Transplantation of organs, tissues, etc.
Abstract
There is a growing need for bone to be produced synthetically due to the rising rates of osteoporosis and decreasing levels of bone mineral density in the rapidly aging population of baby boomers. Bone is a complex composite material of hydroxyapatite and collagen built to withstand tremendous compressive and tensile loads. The inorganic phase can be synthesized by various techniques including sol-gel, phase transformation, hydrothermal, mechanochemical, chemical precipitation and precipitation in simulated body fluid. However, high temperatures, high pressures, extreme pH values, low yield, vigorous washing and long reaction times limit biological applications and processing with biological tissues such as allografts used in a manifold of medical applications. To address the gap in hydroxyapatite synthesis technology for these applications, the research was divided into three parts: thermodynamic modeling, powder characterization, and the application to allograft materials for in-vivo studies. The thermodynamic modeling contained in the first chapter investigated four precursor systems of interest and their fit or dissidence with the biomimetic paradigm proposed. The calcium acetate-potassium phosphate tribasic synthesis system was found to be the most robust and was thoroughly characterized in the second chapter, which revealed the particle size to be below 10 nm, which is among the smallest recorded in literature. In addition, characterization in this size range proved difficult and an uphill crystalline to amorphous phase transition was observed when left in dry storage over 5 months. In the third chapter, an inherent precursor buffering system was employed and the adaptation of the technology to aseptic conditions was carried out in effort to mineralize allograft materials for an in-vivo ectopic athymic rat study. The study revealed that the nanoscale hydroxyapatite synthesized on the surface allowed increased wet-state fiber cohesivity, which caused a change in tissue response over the control allograft where the allograft produced chondrocytes-cartilage-rich tissue and the composite produced osteoblast-adipose-rich tissue resembling bone marrow. Overall the research was successful in establishing the utility of thermodynamic modeling in designing a biomimetic system that can be aseptically adapted to allograft and other bone-related technologies, which is a rising field in the forefront of medicine.
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electronic resource
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v, 107 p. : ill.
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Ph.D.
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Includes bibliographical references.
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by Christina Marie Mossaad
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Mossaad
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Christina Marie
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Christina Marie Mossaad
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Riman
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Richard
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chair
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Richard E Riman
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Denhardt
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David
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David T Denhardt
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Mann
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Adrian
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Adrian Mann
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Anthony
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Linda
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Linda J Anthony
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Shimp
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Lawrence
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Lawrence Shimp
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Rutgers University
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Graduate School - New Brunswick
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2009
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2009-01
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NjNbRU
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Rutgers University Electronic Theses and Dissertations
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ETD
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Graduate School - New Brunswick Electronic Theses and Dissertations
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rucore19991600001
Identifier
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doi:10.7282/T3TB173M
Genre
(authority = ExL-Esploro)
ETD doctoral
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Open
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Non-exclusive ETD license
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Author Agreement License
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I hereby grant to the Rutgers University Libraries and to my school the non-exclusive right to archive, reproduce and distribute my thesis or dissertation, in whole or in part, and/or my abstract, in whole or in part, in and from an electronic format, subject to the release date subsequently stipulated in this submittal form and approved by my school. I represent and stipulate that the thesis or dissertation and its abstract are my original work, that they do not infringe or violate any rights of others, and that I make these grants as the sole owner of the rights to my thesis or dissertation and its abstract. I represent that I have obtained written permissions, when necessary, from the owner(s) of each third party copyrighted matter to be included in my thesis or dissertation and will supply copies of such upon request by my school. I acknowledge that RU ETD and my school will not distribute my thesis or dissertation or its abstract if, in their reasonable judgment, they believe all such rights have not been secured. I acknowledge that I retain ownership rights to the copyright of my work. I also retain the right to use all or part of this thesis or dissertation in future works, such as articles or books.
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