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Overwintering behavior of the entomopathogenic nematodes Steinernema scarabaei and AND Heterohabditis bacteriophora (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae and Heterorhabditidae) and their white grub hosts (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae)
Descriptive
TypeOfResource
Text
TitleInfo
(ID = T-1)
Title
Overwintering behavior of the entomopathogenic nematodes Steinernema scarabaei and AND Heterohabditis bacteriophora (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae and Heterorhabditidae) and their white grub hosts (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae)
Identifier
ETD_1658
Identifier
(type = hdl)
http://hdl.rutgers.edu/1782.2/rucore10001600001.ETD.000051200
Language
LanguageTerm
(authority = ISO639-2);
(type = code)
eng
Genre
(authority = marcgt)
theses
Subject
(ID = SBJ-1);
(authority = RUETD)
Topic
Entomology
Subject
(ID = SBJ-1);
(authority = ETD-LCSH)
Topic
Plant nematodes
Subject
(ID = SBJ-1);
(authority = ETD-LCSH)
Topic
Turfgrasses--Diseases and pests
Abstract
Entomopathogenic nematodes (EPN) Steinernema scarabaei and Heterorhabditis bacteriophora, species endemic to New Jersey turfgrass habitats, have great potential as biological control agents of various white grub pest species. EPN have potential for long-term white grub suppression, but to more reliably achieve this, a better understanding is necessary of the nematodes' survival mechanisms expresses during harsh seasonal conditions. Infective juveniles (IJ) may employ similar vertical migratory patterns as other soil-inhabiting animals during harsh seasonal conditions. To determine the existence of vertical relocation as an overwintering mechanism we investigated the vertical distribution of S. scarabaei and H. bacteriophora relative to (1) fluctuating soil temperature and (2) changing vertical position of two white grub hosts, Japanese Beetle (Popillia japonica) and oriental beetle (Anomala orientalis), during the late fall, winter and early spring season. The vertical distributions of white grub and IJ populations were monitored every 14-18 days in established turf plots (3-4 years old) from mid-October to the first week of May in two consecutive years (2006-2007 and 2007- 2008). The vertical distribution of S. scarabaei, H. bacteriophora, and Steinernema carpocapsae did not change from the fall to the spring season. Soil temperature did not appear to influence IJ vertical distribution. The vertical distribution of both white grub species changed with temperature during fall and spring but not in winter. Overwintering S. scarabaei and H. bacteriophora IJs were only recovered in the soil. There was no evidence for successful in-host survival or latent infection in endemic white grub populations. Although the relationship between temperature and vertical distribution for EPN and their white grub hosts differed, a considerable degree of spatial and temporal overlap was observed between respective EPN and host populations. Overwintering EPN appear to survive primarily or exclusively as IJs in the soil and presumably employ various physiological and biochemical mechanisms as survival strategies during seasonally cold and freezing conditions.
PhysicalDescription
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electronic resource
Extent
ix, 65 p. : ill.
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application/pdf
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text/xml
Note
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M.S.
Note
(type = bibliography)
Includes bibliographical references (p. 34-40)
Note
(type = statement of responsibility)
by Daniel Ethan Elmowitz
Name
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(type = personal)
NamePart
(type = family)
Elmowitz
NamePart
(type = given)
Daniel Ethan
NamePart
(type = date)
1982
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author
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Daniel Ethan Elmowitz
Name
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NamePart
(type = family)
Hamilton
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(type = given)
George
Role
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(authority = RULIB);
(type = )
chair
Affiliation
Advisory Committee
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George C Hamilton
Name
(ID = NAME-3);
(type = personal)
NamePart
(type = family)
May
NamePart
(type = given)
Michael
Role
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internal member
Affiliation
Advisory Committee
DisplayForm
Michael L. May
Name
(ID = NAME-4);
(type = personal)
NamePart
(type = family)
Lashomb
NamePart
(type = given)
James
Role
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(authority = RULIB);
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internal member
Affiliation
Advisory Committee
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James H. Lashomb
Name
(ID = NAME-5);
(type = personal)
NamePart
(type = family)
Koppenh?fer
NamePart
(type = given)
Albrecht
Role
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internal member
Affiliation
Advisory Committee
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Albrecht M Koppenh?fer
Name
(ID = NAME-1);
(type = corporate)
NamePart
Rutgers University
Role
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degree grantor
Name
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NamePart
Graduate School - New Brunswick
Role
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(authority = RULIB);
(type = )
school
OriginInfo
DateCreated
(point = );
(qualifier = exact)
2009
DateOther
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(type = degree)
2009-05
Place
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xx
Location
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NjNbRU
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TitleInfo
Title
Rutgers University Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Identifier
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ETD
RelatedItem
(type = host)
TitleInfo
Title
Graduate School - New Brunswick Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Identifier
(type = local)
rucore19991600001
Identifier
(type = doi)
doi:10.7282/T3M908X6
Genre
(authority = ExL-Esploro)
ETD graduate
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Rights
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(ID = rulibRdec0006)
The author owns the copyright to this work.
Copyright
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Copyright protected
Availability
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Open
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(ID = 1)
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Permission or license
Detail
Non-exclusive ETD license
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Author Agreement License
Detail
I hereby grant to the Rutgers University Libraries and to my school the non-exclusive right to archive, reproduce and distribute my thesis or dissertation, in whole or in part, and/or my abstract, in whole or in part, in and from an electronic format, subject to the release date subsequently stipulated in this submittal form and approved by my school. I represent and stipulate that the thesis or dissertation and its abstract are my original work, that they do not infringe or violate any rights of others, and that I make these grants as the sole owner of the rights to my thesis or dissertation and its abstract. I represent that I have obtained written permissions, when necessary, from the owner(s) of each third party copyrighted matter to be included in my thesis or dissertation and will supply copies of such upon request by my school. I acknowledge that RU ETD and my school will not distribute my thesis or dissertation or its abstract if, in their reasonable judgment, they believe all such rights have not been secured. I acknowledge that I retain ownership rights to the copyright of my work. I also retain the right to use all or part of this thesis or dissertation in future works, such as articles or books.
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ETD
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application/pdf
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application/x-tar
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593920
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