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Late Pleistocene changes in northern component water
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Text
TitleInfo
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Title
Late Pleistocene changes in northern component water
SubTitle
inferences from geochemical and sedimentological records from Gardar Drift
PartName
PartNumber
NonSort
Identifier
ETD_1802
Identifier
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http://hdl.rutgers.edu/1782.2/rucore10001600001.ETD.000051342
Language
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eng
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theses
Subject
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(authority = RUETD)
Topic
Geological Sciences
Subject
(ID = SBJ-2);
(authority = ETD-LCSH)
Topic
Paleoclimatology--Pleistocene
Subject
(ID = SBJ-3);
(authority = ETD-LCSH)
Topic
Ocean circulation--Pleistocene
Subject
(ID = SBJ-4);
(authority = ETD-LCSH)
Topic
Geology, Stratigraphic--Pleistocene
Abstract
This dissertation reconstructs late Pleistocene oceanic circulation variability within the North Atlantic, a critical region of deep-water formation, using proxies that reconstruct surface and deepwater changes. Unlike other studies that examine North Atlantic circulation as a whole, my study focuses on changes in Iceland Scotland Overflow Water (ISOW), one of the largest contributors to Northern Component Water (NCW). Each NCW component reflects the regional climate within its formation region; thus, different climates may produce different deepwater states by changing the relative contribution from each component. Southern Gardar Drift is bathed by ISOW, thus the accumulating sediments are ideal for examining ISOW.
A high-resolution record of the Younger Dryas cold event provides an analog for abrupt climate events. The benthic foraminiferal δ13C record from core 11JPC (2707m) on Gardar Drift reveals NCW shoaled during the early and late Younger Dryas. These reductions are coincident with increased meltwater from Northern Hemisphere ice sheets, linking surface freshening to NCW production changes on short-timescales.
On longer time-scales, benthic foraminiferal δ13C records from Gardar Drift show ISOW density was paced by northern high-latitude summer insolation, particularly within the precessional band. Uniform benthic foraminiferal δ13C values on Gardar Drift indicate that the mixing zone between NCW and Southern Component Water (SCW) was positioned to the south of Gardar Drift during interglacial periods. Conversely a large north-south gradient in benthic foraminiferal δ13C values during glacial periods indicates that ISOW shoaled, allowing SCW to bathe southern Gardar Drift. High-frequency ISOW variability caused by surface freshening during intermediate climate states is superimposed on the orbitally paced variations.
A study of the trace metal compositions in Krithe carapaces found in core top samples demonstrates that calcification temperature is the dominant control on magnesium incorporation. Carbonate ion concentration is a secondary control on magnesium to calcium (Mg/Ca) ratios at low temperatures (<3°C). Correcting for carbonate ion effects results in a linear paleotemperature equation with higher temperature sensitivity in the lower temperature range than previously published equations. This study indicates that Krithe magnesium to calcium ratios are reliable in reconstructing paleotemperatures.
A high-resolution record of the Younger Dryas cold event provides an analog for abrupt climate events. The benthic foraminiferal δ13C record from core 11JPC (2707m) on Gardar Drift reveals NCW shoaled during the early and late Younger Dryas. These reductions are coincident with increased meltwater from Northern Hemisphere ice sheets, linking surface freshening to NCW production changes on short-timescales.
On longer time-scales, benthic foraminiferal δ13C records from Gardar Drift show ISOW density was paced by northern high-latitude summer insolation, particularly within the precessional band. Uniform benthic foraminiferal δ13C values on Gardar Drift indicate that the mixing zone between NCW and Southern Component Water (SCW) was positioned to the south of Gardar Drift during interglacial periods. Conversely a large north-south gradient in benthic foraminiferal δ13C values during glacial periods indicates that ISOW shoaled, allowing SCW to bathe southern Gardar Drift. High-frequency ISOW variability caused by surface freshening during intermediate climate states is superimposed on the orbitally paced variations.
A study of the trace metal compositions in Krithe carapaces found in core top samples demonstrates that calcification temperature is the dominant control on magnesium incorporation. Carbonate ion concentration is a secondary control on magnesium to calcium (Mg/Ca) ratios at low temperatures (<3°C). Correcting for carbonate ion effects results in a linear paleotemperature equation with higher temperature sensitivity in the lower temperature range than previously published equations. This study indicates that Krithe magnesium to calcium ratios are reliable in reconstructing paleotemperatures.
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electronic resource
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xviii, 225 p. : ill.
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Note
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Ph.D.
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Includes bibliographical references
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by Aurora Cassandra Elmore
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Elmore
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Aurora Cassandra
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1981
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Aurora CassandraElmore
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Wright
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James
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chair
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Advisory Committee
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James D Wright
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(type = family)
Rosenthal
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Yair
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internal member
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Advisory Committee
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Yair Rosenthal
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Miller
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Kenneth
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Kenneth G Miller
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Mountain
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Gregory
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Gregory S Mountain
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McManus
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Jerry
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outside member
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Advisory Committee
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Jerry F McManus
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Rutgers University
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degree grantor
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Graduate School - New Brunswick
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2009
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2009-05
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xx
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NjNbRU
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Rutgers University Electronic Theses and Dissertations
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ETD
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Graduate School - New Brunswick Electronic Theses and Dissertations
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rucore19991600001
Identifier
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doi:10.7282/T3VT1SBH
Genre
(authority = ExL-Esploro)
ETD doctoral
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Rights
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The author owns the copyright to this work.
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Copyright protected
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Open
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Non-exclusive ETD license
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Author Agreement License
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I hereby grant to the Rutgers University Libraries and to my school the non-exclusive right to archive, reproduce and distribute my thesis or dissertation, in whole or in part, and/or my abstract, in whole or in part, in and from an electronic format, subject to the release date subsequently stipulated in this submittal form and approved by my school. I represent and stipulate that the thesis or dissertation and its abstract are my original work, that they do not infringe or violate any rights of others, and that I make these grants as the sole owner of the rights to my thesis or dissertation and its abstract. I represent that I have obtained written permissions, when necessary, from the owner(s) of each third party copyrighted matter to be included in my thesis or dissertation and will supply copies of such upon request by my school. I acknowledge that RU ETD and my school will not distribute my thesis or dissertation or its abstract if, in their reasonable judgment, they believe all such rights have not been secured. I acknowledge that I retain ownership rights to the copyright of my work. I also retain the right to use all or part of this thesis or dissertation in future works, such as articles or books.
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