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Anaerobic benzene degradation in culture and hydrocarbon degradation in the subsurface environment
Descriptive
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Text
TitleInfo
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Title
Anaerobic benzene degradation in culture and hydrocarbon degradation in the subsurface environment
Identifier
ETD_1639
Identifier
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http://hdl.rutgers.edu/1782.2/rucore10001600001.ETD.000051390
Language
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eng
Genre
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theses
Subject
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(authority = RUETD)
Topic
Environmental Sciences
Subject
(ID = SBJ-1);
(authority = ETD-LCSH)
Topic
Benzene--Biodegradation
Subject
(ID = SBJ-1);
(authority = ETD-LCSH)
Topic
Hydrocarbons--Biodegradation
Subject
(ID = SBJ-1);
(authority = ETD-LCSH)
Topic
Groundwater--Pollution
Abstract
Understanding of microorganisms and pathways involved in anaerobic benzene degradation is limited. Stable isotope probing of DNA was used to identify key members of a previously characterized, sulfate-reducing benzene degrading consortium. DNA extracts of cultures incubated with [13C6]- or [12C6]benzene were separated into 13C- and 12C-labeled fractions by CsCl density gradient centrifugation. Sequencing and Terminal Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (T-RFLP) analysis of the 16S rRNA gene identified TRF 270 (bp), a Desulfobacterium like phylotype, which was first to derive the bulk of the 13C label for DNA synthesis, and is thus likely involved in activation of benzene degradation.
To understand the pathway of anaerobic benzene metabolism, degradation and inhibition tests were used. Based on these tests toluene was eliminated, and benzoate was identified as a possible intermediate. Metabolites detected in cultures amended with [13C6]benzene or [13C6]phenol indicate that in this consortium there are 2 different pathways of benzoate formation, one forms universally labeled ([13C-UL]benzoate), and the other forms ring labeled benzoate. Pathway that forms [13C-UL]benzoate is dominant during benzene degradation in which the benzene ring is carboxylated by a carbon derived from another benzene ring. This pathway is different from the proposed pathway of benzene degradation via phenol, as the labeling pattern of 13C-labeled benzoate formed from [13C6]benzene or [13C6]phenol is not identical. In conclusion, a novel pathway that activates one benzene ring through its reaction with products of another benzene ring likely exists in this consortium.
Groundwater impacted by a manufacturing gas plant site was used for detection and quantification of metabolic intermediates of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and gene analogues encoding alpha subunit of benzylsuccinate synthase (bssA), as evidence for natural attenuation. Highest concentrations of metabolic intermediates of anaerobic naphthalene and 2-methylnaphthalene degradation were detected in an impacted monitoring well (MW)-24, near the source. Quantitative analysis of 16S rRNA gene indicated that bacterial population was enriched in the impacted wells, while bssA gene containing bacterial community was enriched in MW-24. Detection of not one, but two different indicators specific to the presence and activity of microorganisms provides strong evidence for in situ anaerobic microbial processes.
To understand the pathway of anaerobic benzene metabolism, degradation and inhibition tests were used. Based on these tests toluene was eliminated, and benzoate was identified as a possible intermediate. Metabolites detected in cultures amended with [13C6]benzene or [13C6]phenol indicate that in this consortium there are 2 different pathways of benzoate formation, one forms universally labeled ([13C-UL]benzoate), and the other forms ring labeled benzoate. Pathway that forms [13C-UL]benzoate is dominant during benzene degradation in which the benzene ring is carboxylated by a carbon derived from another benzene ring. This pathway is different from the proposed pathway of benzene degradation via phenol, as the labeling pattern of 13C-labeled benzoate formed from [13C6]benzene or [13C6]phenol is not identical. In conclusion, a novel pathway that activates one benzene ring through its reaction with products of another benzene ring likely exists in this consortium.
Groundwater impacted by a manufacturing gas plant site was used for detection and quantification of metabolic intermediates of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and gene analogues encoding alpha subunit of benzylsuccinate synthase (bssA), as evidence for natural attenuation. Highest concentrations of metabolic intermediates of anaerobic naphthalene and 2-methylnaphthalene degradation were detected in an impacted monitoring well (MW)-24, near the source. Quantitative analysis of 16S rRNA gene indicated that bacterial population was enriched in the impacted wells, while bssA gene containing bacterial community was enriched in MW-24. Detection of not one, but two different indicators specific to the presence and activity of microorganisms provides strong evidence for in situ anaerobic microbial processes.
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electronic resource
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xiii, 164 p. : ill.
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Note
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Ph.D.
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Includes bibliographical references
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by Amita R. Oka
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Oka
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Amita R.
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Amita R. Oka
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Young
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Lily
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chair
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Advisory Committee
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Lily Young
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Kerkhof
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Lee
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internal member
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Advisory Committee
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Lee Kerkhof
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Strom
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Peter
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Peter Strom
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Phelps
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Craig
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Craig Phelps
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Jaffe
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Peter
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Advisory Committee
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Peter Jaffe
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Rutgers University
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degree grantor
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Graduate School - New Brunswick
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OriginInfo
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2009
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2009-05
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xx
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Rutgers University Electronic Theses and Dissertations
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ETD
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Graduate School - New Brunswick Electronic Theses and Dissertations
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rucore19991600001
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NjNbRU
Identifier
(type = doi)
doi:10.7282/T3V40VFD
Genre
(authority = ExL-Esploro)
ETD doctoral
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Rights
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The author owns the copyright to this work.
Copyright
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Copyright protected
Availability
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Open
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Non-exclusive ETD license
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Author Agreement License
Detail
I hereby grant to the Rutgers University Libraries and to my school the non-exclusive right to archive, reproduce and distribute my thesis or dissertation, in whole or in part, and/or my abstract, in whole or in part, in and from an electronic format, subject to the release date subsequently stipulated in this submittal form and approved by my school. I represent and stipulate that the thesis or dissertation and its abstract are my original work, that they do not infringe or violate any rights of others, and that I make these grants as the sole owner of the rights to my thesis or dissertation and its abstract. I represent that I have obtained written permissions, when necessary, from the owner(s) of each third party copyrighted matter to be included in my thesis or dissertation and will supply copies of such upon request by my school. I acknowledge that RU ETD and my school will not distribute my thesis or dissertation or its abstract if, in their reasonable judgment, they believe all such rights have not been secured. I acknowledge that I retain ownership rights to the copyright of my work. I also retain the right to use all or part of this thesis or dissertation in future works, such as articles or books.
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