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Food web networks and parasite diversity
Descriptive
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Text
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Title
Food web networks and parasite diversity
SubTitle
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ETD_1969
Identifier
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http://hdl.rutgers.edu/1782.2/rucore10001600001.ETD.000051777
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eng
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theses
Subject
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Topic
Ecology and Evolution
Subject
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(authority = ETD-LCSH)
Topic
Food chains (Ecology)
Abstract
The structure of free-living trophic interactions, detailed as food webs, describes potential parasite transmission routes and is likely to provide considerable insight into parasite community dynamics. Despite this framework, a lack of empirical data has largely restricted food web analyses to addressing fundamental questions asking how parasites ‘fit’ into food webs and food web theory. The purpose of this dissertation was to determine how the complex dynamics in the host food web affects the establishment and persistence of parasites. This study focused on helminth parasites with obligate bird, fish and macroinvertebrate hosts that are intimately tied to trophic interactions in food webs from salt marshes throughout the New York-New Jersey Harbor estuary complex. This study was done in four salt marshes, one unrestored and three that were restored at 0, 10 and 20 years previously, and which reflected a gradient in host diversity. There was no relationship between the diversity of the free-living community and the diversity of the parasite community. However, there was a strong correlation between the trophic structure of the host community and complex life cycle parasite presence. The topology of each salt marsh food web was highly nested with clusters of generalists forming distinct core/periphery structure. Two thirds of all parasite stages were constrained to these core species and their physical location in the food web. Community matrices constructed with randomly determined interaction coefficients to assess community stability confirmed a correlation between system stability and parasite species richness in our sentinel fish species. These data suggest that core free-living species within the food web represent stable trophic relationships that allow for the persistence of complex parasite life cycles. Further, these data suggest a prominent role for clusters of free-living trophic interactions in the establishment of trophically transmitted parasites and the potential for the evolution of complex life cycles.
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electronic resource
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xi, 200 p. : ill.
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Note
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Ph.D.
Note
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Includes bibliographical references (p. 132-170)
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by Tavis Keith Anderson
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Anderson
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Tavis Keith
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1979
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Tavis Keith Anderson
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Sukhdeo
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Michael
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chair
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Advisory Committee
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Michael V.K. Sukhdeo
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Lockwood
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Julie
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internal member
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Julie L. Lockwood
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Morin
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Peter
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internal member
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Peter J Morin
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Handel
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Steven
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Steven N Handel
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Dobson
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Andrew
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outside member
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Advisory Committee
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Andrew P Dobson
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Rutgers University
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degree grantor
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Graduate School - New Brunswick
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2009
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2009-10
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xx
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Rutgers University Electronic Theses and Dissertations
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ETD
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Graduate School - New Brunswick Electronic Theses and Dissertations
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rucore19991600001
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NjNbRU
Identifier
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doi:10.7282/T3FX79NB
Genre
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ETD doctoral
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Rights
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Copyright for theses and dissertations published in RU ETD is retained by the author. By virtue of their appearance in this open access medium, electronic theses and dissertations are free to use, with proper attribution, in educational and other non-commercial settings.
Copyright
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Copyright protected
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Open
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I hereby grant to the Rutgers University Libraries and to my school the non-exclusive right to archive, reproduce and distribute my thesis or dissertation, in whole or in part, and/or my abstract, in whole or in part, in and from an electronic format, subject to the release date subsequently stipulated in this submittal form and approved by my school. I represent and stipulate that the thesis or dissertation and its abstract are my original work, that they do not infringe or violate any rights of others, and that I make these grants as the sole owner of the rights to my thesis or dissertation and its abstract. I represent that I have obtained written permissions, when necessary, from the owner(s) of each third party copyrighted matter to be included in my thesis or dissertation and will supply copies of such upon request by my school. I acknowledge that RU ETD and my school will not distribute my thesis or dissertation or its abstract if, in their reasonable judgment, they believe all such rights have not been secured. I acknowledge that I retain ownership rights to the copyright of my work. I also retain the right to use all or part of this thesis or dissertation in future works, such as articles or books.
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Tavis Anderson
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Rutgers University. Graduate School - New Brunswick
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Author Agreement License
Detail
I hereby grant to the Rutgers University Libraries and to my school the non-exclusive right to archive, reproduce and distribute my thesis or dissertation, in whole or in part, and/or my abstract, in whole or in part, in and from an electronic format, subject to the release date subsequently stipulated in this submittal form and approved by my school. I represent and stipulate that the thesis or dissertation and its abstract are my original work, that they do not infringe or violate any rights of others, and that I make these grants as the sole owner of the rights to my thesis or dissertation and its abstract. I represent that I have obtained written permissions, when necessary, from the owner(s) of each third party copyrighted matter to be included in my thesis or dissertation and will supply copies of such upon request by my school. I acknowledge that RU ETD and my school will not distribute my thesis or dissertation or its abstract if, in their reasonable judgment, they believe all such rights have not been secured. I acknowledge that I retain ownership rights to the copyright of my work. I also retain the right to use all or part of this thesis or dissertation in future works, such as articles or books.
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