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Study of taste genetics and maternal factors on weight status in preschool children
Descriptive
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Text
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Title
Study of taste genetics and maternal factors on weight status in preschool children
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ETD_1926
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http://hdl.rutgers.edu/1782.2/rucore10001600001.ETD.000051978
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eng
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theses
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Topic
Food Science
Subject
(ID = SBJ-2);
(authority = ETD-LCSH)
Topic
Obesity in children
Subject
(ID = SBJ-3);
(authority = ETD-LCSH)
Topic
Nutrition--Genetic aspects
Subject
(ID = SBJ-4);
(authority = ETD-LCSH)
Topic
Taste--Genetic aspects
Abstract
Genetic and environmental factors are important determinants of food intake and weight status children. Our laboratory has previously shown that weight status in high SES, Caucasian children is influenced by maternal eating attitudes (dietary restraint & disinhibition), child feeding practices and genetic taste sensitivity to 6-n-propylthiouracil (PROP) a trait that is controlled, in part, by the bitter taste receptor gene, TAS2R38 (Keller, 2004; Goldstein, 2007). The present study was undertaken to determine if these same or related factors play a role in lunchtime energy intake and adiposity in a cohort of low-income, Hispanic children at risk for overweight. A total of 78 children (51.8 ±0.6 mo; 82± 2.0 BMI%-ile) and their mothers (BMI 27.2± 0.6kg/m2) from a local “Head-Start” preschool participated. PROP status was measured in both mothers and children. Mothers completed the Child Feeding Questionnaire and the Dutch Eating Questionnaire for restraint, external and emotional eating. Children’s food intake at lunch, were recorded during two observations on separate days at the preschool. Results showed that overweight children (>85th BMI%-ile) of mothers who were overweight themselves (p<0.0001), who had high dietary restraint (p<0.01) or who reported using a less restrictive feeding style (p<0.05) consumed more energy at lunch than overweight children whose mothers did no display these characteristics. BMI-z score was highest in PROP non-taster children of mothers with high dietary restraint (2.02) as compared to any of the other groups (0.97-1.31; p<0.02). Hierarchical regression predicted 41.7% of the variance in BMI-z scores. Key steps in this model included: main effects (gender, child taster status and perceived weight of child; 18% variance); child energy intake at lunch (16% variance); maternal/child variables (perceived responsibility, pressure to eat and child food reactivity; 3.4% variance); and the interaction of maternal restraint and child taster status (5.84% variance). This study identified maternal and genetic factors associated with higher energy intakes and greater risk of overweight in Hispanic children. A better understanding of these variables lead to more effective weight management programs to tackle obesity within in this community.
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electronic resource
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vii, 137 p. : ill.
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Note
Supplementary File: Figures in Poornima Shankar's Thesis
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M.S.
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Includes bibliographical references (p. 99-112)
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by Poornima Shankar
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Shankar
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Poornima
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1972-
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Poornima Shankar
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Beverly
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HENRYK
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HENRYK DAUN
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Loredana
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Rutgers University
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Graduate School - New Brunswick
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2009
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2009-10
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xx
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Rutgers University Electronic Theses and Dissertations
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ETD
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Graduate School - New Brunswick Electronic Theses and Dissertations
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rucore19991600001
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Identifier
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doi:10.7282/T35X293S
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ETD graduate
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Rights
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The author owns the copyright to this work
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Copyright protected
Notice
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Open
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Shankar
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Poornima
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Poornima Shankar
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Rutgers University. Graduate School - New Brunswick
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Author Agreement License
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I hereby grant to the Rutgers University Libraries and to my school the non-exclusive right to archive, reproduce and distribute my thesis or dissertation, in whole or in part, and/or my abstract, in whole or in part, in and from an electronic format, subject to the release date subsequently stipulated in this submittal form and approved by my school. I represent and stipulate that the thesis or dissertation and its abstract are my original work, that they do not infringe or violate any rights of others, and that I make these grants as the sole owner of the rights to my thesis or dissertation and its abstract. I represent that I have obtained written permissions, when necessary, from the owner(s) of each third party copyrighted matter to be included in my thesis or dissertation and will supply copies of such upon request by my school. I acknowledge that RU ETD and my school will not distribute my thesis or dissertation or its abstract if, in their reasonable judgment, they believe all such rights have not been secured. I acknowledge that I retain ownership rights to the copyright of my work. I also retain the right to use all or part of this thesis or dissertation in future works, such as articles or books.
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