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The influence of propagule pressure on community diversity and invasion success in an aquatic protist system
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Title
The influence of propagule pressure on community diversity and invasion success in an aquatic protist system
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ETD_2287
Identifier
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http://hdl.rutgers.edu/1782.2/rucore10002600001.ETD.000052190
Language
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eng
Genre
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theses
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Topic
Biological Sciences
Subject
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(authority = ETD-LCSH)
Topic
Protista
Abstract
Propagule pressure, the size and frequency with which invaders enter an area, may influence many aspects of invasion. Using a bacterivorous protist model system, this study examines the effect of propagule pressure on the diversity of established communities, the success of invaders, and the effect invaders have on the established community.
Increasing propagule size and frequency significantly increased diversity and species richness and decreased dominance in three experimental protist communities. Propagule pressure also significantly influenced invasion. Increasing propagule pressure promoted establishment and invasion success, and reduced probability of stochastic extinction, of slow-growing invaders. Increasing propagule pressure also enhanced the growth of fast-growing invaders, but only up to a point. Further increase in propagule pressure diminished growth. Propagule size and frequency interacted in influencing invasion, with the outcome related to the invader’s growth rate. Fast-growing protist invaders achieved the greatest success when introduced in one large inoculation, while the success of the slow-growing invaders was enhanced by high propagule frequency. In this study, high values of propagule pressure enhanced the coexistence of protist species, established and invasive, and might therefore create a positive regional diversity-invasibility relationship in natural protist communities.
Invasion success might be described by a general Gaussian dose-response curve, the placement of specific propagule pressure values on the curve determined by a species’ realized growth rate. Slow-growing invaders reach saturation at high values of propagule size and frequency, while fast-growing invaders show saturation at much lower values.
In this system, propagule pressure has a strong indirect influence on the growth of individual established species and the degree to which invasion affects community diversity, richness, and evenness. Invaders have a particularly strong effect on slow-growing established species. Fast-growing invaders have especially powerful effects on established species. The effect the invader has on the specific species composing the community determines species richness and evenness, and ultimately, community diversity. In this way, propagule pressure plays an important role in the complex interaction of factors that influence the effect invasion has on the established community.
Increasing propagule size and frequency significantly increased diversity and species richness and decreased dominance in three experimental protist communities. Propagule pressure also significantly influenced invasion. Increasing propagule pressure promoted establishment and invasion success, and reduced probability of stochastic extinction, of slow-growing invaders. Increasing propagule pressure also enhanced the growth of fast-growing invaders, but only up to a point. Further increase in propagule pressure diminished growth. Propagule size and frequency interacted in influencing invasion, with the outcome related to the invader’s growth rate. Fast-growing protist invaders achieved the greatest success when introduced in one large inoculation, while the success of the slow-growing invaders was enhanced by high propagule frequency. In this study, high values of propagule pressure enhanced the coexistence of protist species, established and invasive, and might therefore create a positive regional diversity-invasibility relationship in natural protist communities.
Invasion success might be described by a general Gaussian dose-response curve, the placement of specific propagule pressure values on the curve determined by a species’ realized growth rate. Slow-growing invaders reach saturation at high values of propagule size and frequency, while fast-growing invaders show saturation at much lower values.
In this system, propagule pressure has a strong indirect influence on the growth of individual established species and the degree to which invasion affects community diversity, richness, and evenness. Invaders have a particularly strong effect on slow-growing established species. Fast-growing invaders have especially powerful effects on established species. The effect the invader has on the specific species composing the community determines species richness and evenness, and ultimately, community diversity. In this way, propagule pressure plays an important role in the complex interaction of factors that influence the effect invasion has on the established community.
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electronic resource
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xxxiii, 355 p. : ill.
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Ph.D.
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Includes bibliographical references (p. 303-314)
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by Caroline Alexandra Maier
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Maier
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Caroline Alexandra
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1964-
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Caroline Alexandra Maier
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Morrison
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Douglas
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Douglas W. Morrison
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Holzapfel
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Claus
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Claus D. Holzapfel
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Russell
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Gareth
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Gareth J. Russell
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Morin
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Peter
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Peter J. Morin
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Rutgers University
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Graduate School - Newark
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2010
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2010-01
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xx
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Rutgers University Electronic Theses and Dissertations
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Graduate School - Newark Electronic Theses and Dissertations
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doi:10.7282/T3639PWB
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ETD doctoral
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Rights
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The author owns the copyright to this work.
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Copyright protected
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Open
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Permission or license
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Maier
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Caroline
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2009-12-10 01:50:07
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Caroline Maier
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Rutgers University. Graduate School - Newark
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Author Agreement License
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I hereby grant to the Rutgers University Libraries and to my school the non-exclusive right to archive, reproduce and distribute my thesis or dissertation, in whole or in part, and/or my abstract, in whole or in part, in and from an electronic format, subject to the release date subsequently stipulated in this submittal form and approved by my school. I represent and stipulate that the thesis or dissertation and its abstract are my original work, that they do not infringe or violate any rights of others, and that I make these grants as the sole owner of the rights to my thesis or dissertation and its abstract. I represent that I have obtained written permissions, when necessary, from the owner(s) of each third party copyrighted matter to be included in my thesis or dissertation and will supply copies of such upon request by my school. I acknowledge that RU ETD and my school will not distribute my thesis or dissertation or its abstract if, in their reasonable judgment, they believe all such rights have not been secured. I acknowledge that I retain ownership rights to the copyright of my work. I also retain the right to use all or part of this thesis or dissertation in future works, such as articles or books.
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