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Sex differences in response to acute diesel exhaust expsoure [sic]
Descriptive
TypeOfResource
Text
TitleInfo
(ID = T-1)
Title
Sex differences in response to acute diesel exhaust expsoure [sic]
TitleInfo
(ID = T-2);
(type = alternative)
Title
Sex differences in response to acute diesel exhaust exposure
Identifier
ETD_2623
Identifier
(type = hdl)
http://hdl.rutgers.edu/1782.2/rucore10001600001.ETD.000053134
Language
LanguageTerm
(authority = ISO639-2);
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eng
Genre
(authority = marcgt)
theses
Subject
(ID = SBJ-1);
(authority = RUETD)
Topic
Public Health
Subject
(ID = SBJ-2);
(authority = ETD-LCSH)
Topic
Diesel motor exhaust gas--Health aspects
Subject
(ID = SBJ-3);
(authority = ETD-LCSH)
Topic
Diesel motor exhaust gas--Sex differences
Abstract
(type = abstract)
Introduction: Diesel exhaust is ubiquitous and has been shown to cause a variety of health effects related to innate immune response in the airways that leads to a cascade of local and systemic health effects. Sex is known to influence variations in immune responses and many other aspects of the internal physiological environment. Aims: The primary aim of this dissertation research is to evaluate whether there are sex differences in the symptomatic, local and systemic inflammation and acute-phase responses that have been attributed to acute diesel exhaust exposure. The secondary aim is to see if sex differences exist in the rates of metabolism of diesel exhaust and its metabolites. Methods: In a crossover design study, healthy subjects were exposed to 300μg/m3 of diesel exhaust and clean air for 1 hour each in a controlled environmental exposure chamber on two different days (≥1 week washout) in random order. Nasal lavage and sputum samples were collected and analyzed for cytokines and soluble proteins in relation to local inflammation. Blood samples were collected and analyzed for cytokines, acute phase reaction proteins, neutrophils and cell blood counts in relation to systemic inflammation. Questionnaires were used to collect self-reported symptoms. Spot urine samples were collected within 24 hours of exposure to analyze the levels of 1-aminopyrene a metabolite of 1-nitropyrene which is the most abundant nitro-polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in diesel exhaust. Results: There was a statistically significant sex difference in self reported somatic and lower respiratory symptom severity ratings with females having higher symptom severity ratings than males after exposure to diesel exhaust relative to clean air. There was also a statistically significant sex difference in the concentration of tumor necrosis factor – α in nasal lavage samples and platelet count in peripheral blood with males having higher tumor necrosis factor – α concentrations than females and lower platelet counts than females after exposure to diesel exhaust relative to clean air. Conclusion: Sex is a significant effect modifier for certain health effects of acute diesel exhaust exposure, with females tending to show greater lower respiratory and systemic effects and males tending to show greater upper respiratory effects.
PhysicalDescription
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electronic resource
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xix, 178 p. : ill.
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application/pdf
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text/xml
Note
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Ph.D.
Note
Includes abstract
Note
Vita
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(type = bibliography)
Includes bibliographical references
Note
(type = statement of responsibility)
by Chizoba Nwankwo
Name
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Nwankwo
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Chizoba U.
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1978-
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author
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Chizoba Nwankwo
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Zhang
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Junfeng Jim
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chair
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Junfeng Jim Zhang
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Fiedler
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Nancy
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co-chair
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Advisory Committee
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Nancy Fiedler
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(type = family)
Ohman-Stricklans
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Pamela
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internal member
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Pamela Ohman-Stricklans
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Robson
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Mark
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Mark Robson
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Laumbach
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Robert
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Robert Laumbach
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Alan
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Alan Stern
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Rutgers University
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degree grantor
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Graduate School - New Brunswick
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school
OriginInfo
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2010
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2010
Place
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xx
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TitleInfo
Title
Rutgers University Electronic Theses and Dissertations
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ETD
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TitleInfo
Title
Graduate School - New Brunswick Electronic Theses and Dissertations
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rucore19991600001
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NjNbRU
Identifier
(type = doi)
doi:10.7282/T3DV1JZ0
Genre
(authority = ExL-Esploro)
ETD doctoral
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Rights
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The author owns the copyright to this work.
Copyright
Status
Copyright protected
Availability
Status
Open
Reason
Permission or license
RightsHolder
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Name
FamilyName
Nwankwo
GivenName
Chizoba
Role
Copyright Holder
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Type
Permission or license
DateTime
2010-04-15 07:24:50
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Name
Chizoba Nwankwo
Affiliation
Rutgers University. Graduate School - New Brunswick
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Author Agreement License
Detail
I hereby grant to the Rutgers University Libraries and to my school the non-exclusive right to archive, reproduce and distribute my thesis or dissertation, in whole or in part, and/or my abstract, in whole or in part, in and from an electronic format, subject to the release date subsequently stipulated in this submittal form and approved by my school. I represent and stipulate that the thesis or dissertation and its abstract are my original work, that they do not infringe or violate any rights of others, and that I make these grants as the sole owner of the rights to my thesis or dissertation and its abstract. I represent that I have obtained written permissions, when necessary, from the owner(s) of each third party copyrighted matter to be included in my thesis or dissertation and will supply copies of such upon request by my school. I acknowledge that RU ETD and my school will not distribute my thesis or dissertation or its abstract if, in their reasonable judgment, they believe all such rights have not been secured. I acknowledge that I retain ownership rights to the copyright of my work. I also retain the right to use all or part of this thesis or dissertation in future works, such as articles or books.
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Technical
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ETD
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application/x-tar
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