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Genetic and chemical variation in North American populations of the medicinal plant wild tarragon (Artemisia Dracunculus L.)

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TypeOfResource
Text
TitleInfo (ID = T-1)
Title
Genetic and chemical variation in North American populations of the medicinal plant wild tarragon (Artemisia Dracunculus L.)
Identifier
ETD_2585
Identifier (type = hdl)
http://hdl.rutgers.edu/1782.1/rucore10001600001.ETD.000053569
Language
LanguageTerm (authority = ISO639-2); (type = code)
eng
Genre (authority = marcgt)
theses
Subject (ID = SBJ-1); (authority = RUETD)
Topic
Plant Biology
Subject (ID = SBJ-2); (authority = ETD-LCSH)
Topic
French tarragon
Subject (ID = SBJ-3); (authority = ETD-LCSH)
Topic
Medicinal plants
Subject (ID = SBJ-4); (authority = ETD-LCSH)
Topic
French tarragon--Genetics
Abstract (type = abstract)
Artemisia dracunculus L. (wild tarragon; Asteraceae) is a polymorphic, herbaceous perennial with a distribution spanning western North America (NA), Eastern Europe and most of temperate Asia. Wild tarragon has been widely used as a folk remedy for numerous ailments and seven compounds (davidigenin, sakuranetin, 6-demethoxycapillarisin, 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid, 4,5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid, 2',4-dihydroxy-4'-methoxydihydrochalcone and 2',4'-dihydroxy-4-methoxydihydrochalcone), previously isolated from the plant, have shown bioactivity in studies on type 2 diabetes. The species is known to have diploid to decaploid individuals and the production of some phytochemicals has been shown to vary between cytotypes. Focusing on populations in the U.S., four main areas were investigated, 1) the geographical distribution of cytotypes, 2) the influence of cytotype, environment, and genetics on qualitative and quantitative iii variation of the seven compounds, 3) essential oil diversity, and 4) genetic diversity and structuring of the populations. The main findings of these investigations were that diploids and polyploids were found in Eurasia, while only diploids were found in NA. In qualitative chemical investigations, decaploid plants were found to contain all the target compounds, while only sakuranetin, trace amounts of 6-demethoxycapillarisin, and complex mixtures of various caffeoylquinic and di-O-caffeoylquinic acids were detected in diploids from the U.S. In the quantitative analyses, sakuranetin levels varied between wild individuals and their cultivated clones, but the same four sites had the highest average production in both wild and common garden conditions. Essential oils extracted from NA populations represent a number of new chemotypes for the region. Primary components included (Z)-β-ocimene, methyl eugenol, methyl chavicol and α-terpinolene. Many of the samples had significant concentrations of the phenylacetylenes capillene, 5-phenyl-1,3-pentadiyne and 1-(4-Methoxyphenyl)-2,4-pentadiyne. The isocoumarinic acetylene, capillarin, was also found in the majority of samples but in low amounts. Four different genetic diversity indices were calculated and all returned comparable values, with ~78% genetic variation within populations and ~22% of the variation between populations. In a cluster analysis, based on genetic distances, populations with high sakuranetin production were grouped together. In conclusion, ploidy level was correlated with the presence of medicinal compounds, while both genetics and environment were found to influence quantitative variation of sakuranetin.
PhysicalDescription
Form (authority = gmd)
electronic resource
Extent
xv, 256 p. : ill.
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application/pdf
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text/xml
Note (type = degree)
Ph.D.
Note
Includes abstract
Note
Vita
Note (type = bibliography)
Includes bibliographical references
Note (type = statement of responsibility)
by Sasha William Eisenman
Name (ID = NAME-1); (type = personal)
NamePart (type = family)
Eisenman
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Sasha
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1976-
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author
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Sasha Eisenman
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Struwe
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Lena
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chair
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Advisory Committee
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Lena Struwe
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Raskin
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Ilya
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internal member
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Advisory Committee
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Ilya Raskin
Name (ID = NAME-4); (type = personal)
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Bonos
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Stacy
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internal member
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Advisory Committee
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Stacy Bonos
Name (ID = NAME-5); (type = personal)
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Ribnicky
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David
Role
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outside member
Affiliation
Advisory Committee
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David Ribnicky
Name (ID = NAME-1); (type = corporate)
NamePart
Rutgers University
Role
RoleTerm (authority = RULIB)
degree grantor
Name (ID = NAME-2); (type = corporate)
NamePart
Graduate School - New Brunswick
Role
RoleTerm (authority = RULIB)
school
OriginInfo
DateCreated (qualifier = exact)
2010
DateOther (qualifier = exact); (type = degree)
2010
Place
PlaceTerm (type = code)
xx
RelatedItem (type = host)
TitleInfo
Title
Rutgers University Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Identifier (type = RULIB)
ETD
RelatedItem (type = host)
TitleInfo
Title
Graduate School - New Brunswick Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Identifier (type = local)
rucore19991600001
Location
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NjNbRU
Identifier (type = doi)
doi:10.7282/T3QV3MKF
Genre (authority = ExL-Esploro)
ETD doctoral
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The author owns the copyright to this work.
Copyright
Status
Copyright protected
Availability
Status
Open
Reason
Permission or license
RightsHolder (ID = PRH-1); (type = personal)
Name
FamilyName
Eisenman
GivenName
Sasha
Role
Copyright Holder
RightsEvent (ID = RE-1); (AUTHORITY = rulib)
Type
Permission or license
DateTime
2010-04-13 16:19:46
AssociatedEntity (ID = AE-1); (AUTHORITY = rulib)
Role
Copyright holder
Name
Sasha Eisenman
Affiliation
Rutgers University. Graduate School - New Brunswick
AssociatedObject (ID = AO-1); (AUTHORITY = rulib)
Type
License
Name
Author Agreement License
Detail
I hereby grant to the Rutgers University Libraries and to my school the non-exclusive right to archive, reproduce and distribute my thesis or dissertation, in whole or in part, and/or my abstract, in whole or in part, in and from an electronic format, subject to the release date subsequently stipulated in this submittal form and approved by my school. I represent and stipulate that the thesis or dissertation and its abstract are my original work, that they do not infringe or violate any rights of others, and that I make these grants as the sole owner of the rights to my thesis or dissertation and its abstract. I represent that I have obtained written permissions, when necessary, from the owner(s) of each third party copyrighted matter to be included in my thesis or dissertation and will supply copies of such upon request by my school. I acknowledge that RU ETD and my school will not distribute my thesis or dissertation or its abstract if, in their reasonable judgment, they believe all such rights have not been secured. I acknowledge that I retain ownership rights to the copyright of my work. I also retain the right to use all or part of this thesis or dissertation in future works, such as articles or books.
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application/pdf
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application/x-tar
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16977920
Checksum (METHOD = SHA1)
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