Genetic and chemical variation in North American populations of the medicinal plant wild tarragon (Artemisia Dracunculus L.)
Descriptive
TitleInfo
(ID = T-1)
Title
Genetic and chemical variation in North American populations of the medicinal plant wild tarragon (Artemisia Dracunculus L.)
Identifier
(type = hdl)
http://hdl.rutgers.edu/1782.1/rucore10001600001.ETD.000053569
Language
LanguageTerm
(authority = ISO639-2);
(type = code)
eng
Genre
(authority = marcgt)
theses
Subject
(ID = SBJ-1);
(authority = RUETD)
Subject
(ID = SBJ-2);
(authority = ETD-LCSH)
Subject
(ID = SBJ-3);
(authority = ETD-LCSH)
Subject
(ID = SBJ-4);
(authority = ETD-LCSH)
Topic
French tarragon--Genetics
Abstract
(type = abstract)
Artemisia dracunculus L. (wild tarragon; Asteraceae) is a polymorphic, herbaceous perennial with a distribution spanning western North America (NA), Eastern Europe and most of temperate Asia. Wild tarragon has been widely used as a folk remedy for numerous ailments and seven compounds (davidigenin, sakuranetin, 6-demethoxycapillarisin, 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid, 4,5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid, 2',4-dihydroxy-4'-methoxydihydrochalcone and 2',4'-dihydroxy-4-methoxydihydrochalcone), previously isolated from the plant, have shown bioactivity in studies on type 2 diabetes. The species is known to have diploid to decaploid individuals and the production of some phytochemicals has been shown to vary between cytotypes. Focusing on populations in the U.S., four main areas were investigated, 1) the geographical distribution of cytotypes, 2) the influence of cytotype, environment, and genetics on qualitative and quantitative iii variation of the seven compounds, 3) essential oil diversity, and 4) genetic diversity and structuring of the populations. The main findings of these investigations were that diploids and polyploids were found in Eurasia, while only diploids were found in NA. In qualitative chemical investigations, decaploid plants were found to contain all the target compounds, while only sakuranetin, trace amounts of 6-demethoxycapillarisin, and complex mixtures of various caffeoylquinic and di-O-caffeoylquinic acids were detected in diploids from the U.S. In the quantitative analyses, sakuranetin levels varied between wild individuals and their cultivated clones, but the same four sites had the highest average production in both wild and common garden conditions. Essential oils extracted from NA populations represent a number of new chemotypes for the region. Primary components included (Z)-β-ocimene, methyl eugenol, methyl chavicol and α-terpinolene. Many of the samples had significant concentrations of the phenylacetylenes capillene, 5-phenyl-1,3-pentadiyne and 1-(4-Methoxyphenyl)-2,4-pentadiyne. The isocoumarinic acetylene, capillarin, was also found in the majority of samples but in low amounts. Four different genetic diversity indices were calculated and all returned comparable values, with ~78% genetic variation within populations and ~22% of the variation between populations. In a cluster analysis, based on genetic distances, populations with high sakuranetin production were grouped together. In conclusion, ploidy level was correlated with the presence of medicinal compounds, while both genetics and environment were found to influence quantitative variation of sakuranetin.
PhysicalDescription
Form
(authority = gmd)
electronic resource
InternetMediaType
application/pdf
InternetMediaType
text/xml
Note
(type = degree)
Ph.D.
Note
(type = bibliography)
Includes bibliographical references
Note
(type = statement of responsibility)
by Sasha William Eisenman
Name
(ID = NAME-1);
(type = personal)
NamePart
(type = family)
Eisenman
NamePart
(type = given)
Sasha
NamePart
(type = date)
1976-
Role
RoleTerm
(authority = RULIB)
author
DisplayForm
Sasha Eisenman
Name
(ID = NAME-2);
(type = personal)
NamePart
(type = family)
Struwe
NamePart
(type = given)
Lena
Role
RoleTerm
(authority = RULIB)
chair
Affiliation
Advisory Committee
Name
(ID = NAME-3);
(type = personal)
NamePart
(type = family)
Raskin
NamePart
(type = given)
Ilya
Role
RoleTerm
(authority = RULIB)
internal member
Affiliation
Advisory Committee
Name
(ID = NAME-4);
(type = personal)
NamePart
(type = family)
Bonos
NamePart
(type = given)
Stacy
Role
RoleTerm
(authority = RULIB)
internal member
Affiliation
Advisory Committee
Name
(ID = NAME-5);
(type = personal)
NamePart
(type = family)
Ribnicky
NamePart
(type = given)
David
Role
RoleTerm
(authority = RULIB)
outside member
Affiliation
Advisory Committee
DisplayForm
David Ribnicky
Name
(ID = NAME-1);
(type = corporate)
NamePart
Rutgers University
Role
RoleTerm
(authority = RULIB)
degree grantor
Name
(ID = NAME-2);
(type = corporate)
NamePart
Graduate School - New Brunswick
Role
RoleTerm
(authority = RULIB)
school
OriginInfo
DateCreated
(qualifier = exact)
2010
DateOther
(qualifier = exact);
(type = degree)
2010
Place
PlaceTerm
(type = code)
xx
RelatedItem
(type = host)
TitleInfo
Title
Rutgers University Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Identifier
(type = RULIB)
ETD
RelatedItem
(type = host)
TitleInfo
Title
Graduate School - New Brunswick Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Identifier
(type = local)
rucore19991600001
Location
PhysicalLocation
(authority = marcorg);
(displayLabel = Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey)
NjNbRU
Identifier
(type = doi)
doi:10.7282/T3QV3MKF
Genre
(authority = ExL-Esploro)
ETD doctoral
Back to the top