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Ecological functions and consequences of cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon) agriculture in the pinelands of New Jersey
Descriptive
TypeOfResource
Text
TitleInfo
(ID = T-1)
Title
Ecological functions and consequences of cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon) agriculture in the pinelands of New Jersey
Identifier
ETD_2753
Identifier
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http://hdl.rutgers.edu/1782.1/rucore10001600001.ETD.000056858
Language
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eng
Genre
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theses
Subject
(ID = SBJ-1);
(authority = RUETD)
Topic
Ecology and Evolution
Subject
(ID = SBJ-2);
(authority = ETD-LCSH)
Topic
Cranberry industry--Environmental aspects--New Jersey--Pine Barrens
Subject
(ID = SBJ-3);
(authority = ETD-LCSH)
Topic
Wetland agriculture--Environmental aspects--New Jersey--Pine Barrens
Subject
(ID = SBJ-4);
(authority = ETD-LCSH)
Topic
Abandoned farms--Environmental aspects--New Jersey--Pine Barrens
Abstract
(type = abstract)
This dissertation examined the immediate and long-term ecological influences of cranberry farming on the surrounding fauna and flora. The first chapter presents a field study examining anuran usage of water bodies within active and newly abandoned cranberry farms. Overall, anuran species exhibited varied preferences for habitats based on their different hydrological requirements. Rana clamitans and Bufo woodhousii fowleri showed higher density in active than abandoned farms, probably due to different levels of predation. R. clamitans also showed a prolonged breeding period in active farms, coinciding with the more stable water level managed by irrigation. R. virgatipes and R. sphenocephala preferred abandoned farms, probably because their overwinter and breeding behavior coincided with intensive farming activities. This chapter demonstrated that anurans selectively utilize diverse water bodies within cranberry farms and human cultivation activities can positively or negatively influence their survival. In the second chapter, I conducted two greenhouse experiments to examine cranberry farming’s short-term legacy effect on the seed bank composition and germination in newly abandoned cranberry farms. The first experiment showed that the human modified post-agricultural edaphic conditions, including soil hydrology and soil depth, were the major factors affecting the seed bank viability, composition and density of germinated plants. For restoration purposes, flooding can increase germination density but does not affect species composition. The second experiment showed that weed colonies and cranberry remnant prevented seed bank germination. This chapter demonstrated the legacy effect from cranberry cultivation on the initial stage of succession. The last chapter examined cranberry farming’s long-term legacy on the structural development of vegetation and the composition of anuran communities. Even after half a century, the vegetation’s coverage and mean height still exhibited linear changes along the bog sequence in cranberry farms, coinciding with the gradual hydrological changes in bog units from upstream to downstream. The densities of anuran species that prefer permanent waters were negatively correlated with vegetation coverage and height. However, model selection showed vegetation or anuran variables did not exhibit clear variation among farms, despite decades-long differences in their ages since abandonment. This result indicated agriculture’s legacy effect during later succession was not mitigated by time.
PhysicalDescription
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electronic resource
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vi, 117 p. : ill.
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Note
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Ph.D.
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Includes bibliographical references
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Includes vita
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by Ai Wen
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Wen
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Ai
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1980-
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Ai Wen
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Ehrenfeld
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David W
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chair
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Advisory Committee
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David W Ehrenfeld
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Ehrenfeld
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Joan G
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co-chair
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Joan G Ehrenfeld
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Morin
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Peter J
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Peter J Morin
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Zampella
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Robert A
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Robert A Zampella
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DeVito
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Emile D
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Emile D DeVito
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Rutgers University
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degree grantor
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Graduate School - New Brunswick
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school
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2010
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2010-10
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xx
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Title
Rutgers University Electronic Theses and Dissertations
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ETD
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Title
Graduate School - New Brunswick Electronic Theses and Dissertations
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rucore19991600001
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NjNbRU
Identifier
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doi:10.7282/T38052BS
Genre
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ETD doctoral
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Rights
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The author owns the copyright to this work.
Copyright
Status
Copyright protected
Availability
Status
Open
Reason
Permission or license
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Wen
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Ai
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DateTime
2010-06-10 17:24:05
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Ai Wen
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Rutgers University. Graduate School - New Brunswick
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Author Agreement License
Detail
I hereby grant to the Rutgers University Libraries and to my school the non-exclusive right to archive, reproduce and distribute my thesis or dissertation, in whole or in part, and/or my abstract, in whole or in part, in and from an electronic format, subject to the release date subsequently stipulated in this submittal form and approved by my school. I represent and stipulate that the thesis or dissertation and its abstract are my original work, that they do not infringe or violate any rights of others, and that I make these grants as the sole owner of the rights to my thesis or dissertation and its abstract. I represent that I have obtained written permissions, when necessary, from the owner(s) of each third party copyrighted matter to be included in my thesis or dissertation and will supply copies of such upon request by my school. I acknowledge that RU ETD and my school will not distribute my thesis or dissertation or its abstract if, in their reasonable judgment, they believe all such rights have not been secured. I acknowledge that I retain ownership rights to the copyright of my work. I also retain the right to use all or part of this thesis or dissertation in future works, such as articles or books.
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