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Application of garcinia indica as a colorant and antioxidant in rice extrudates

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TypeOfResource
Text
TitleInfo (ID = T-1)
Title
Application of garcinia indica as a colorant and antioxidant in rice extrudates
Identifier
ETD_3025
Identifier (type = hdl)
http://hdl.rutgers.edu/1782.1/rucore10001600001.ETD.000057504
Language
LanguageTerm (authority = ISO639-2); (type = code)
eng
Genre (authority = marcgt)
theses
Subject (ID = SBJ-1); (authority = RUETD)
Topic
Food Science
Subject (ID = SBJ-2); (authority = ETD-LCSH)
Topic
Fruit--Health aspects--India
Subject (ID = SBJ-3); (authority = ETD-LCSH)
Topic
Antioxidants--Health aspects--India
Subject (ID = SBJ-4); (authority = ETD-LCSH)
Topic
Fruit--Composition
Subject (ID = SBJ-5); (authority = ETD-LCSH)
Topic
Coloring matter in food
Abstract (type = abstract)
Garcinia indica, commonly known as Kokum, is a tropical fruit native to India. The rinds of fruit are rich source of red anthocyanin pigments which are characterized as cyanidin-3-glucoside and cyanidin-3-sambubioside. The fruit juice is strongly acidic (pH = 1.87) due to the presence of hydroxycitric acid, an organic acid known for its weight suppressing action. Recently a new, yellow, fat soluble pigment called garcinol has been separated from the fruit rinds. Garcinol is a polyphenolic compound known to possess antioxidant activity. Presence of bioactive compounds in the fruit promotes its use as a colorant and antioxidant in a food product. The antioxidant potential of Kokum has been previously studied but the effect of processing on its antioxidant activity is still unknown. Thus effects of extrusion processing on the color and antioxidant activity of rice extrudates fortified with spray-dried encapsulated fruit powder were studied. A lab-scale Brabender single screw extruder was used for the extrusion. The control variables were barrel temperature (120°C-180°C), feed moisture (18-24%) and Kokum powder content (3-5%). The total phenolic content (TPC) and antioxidant activity of rice extrudates were measured by Folin-Ciocalteau method and ORAC, respectively. The color of extrudates (hue and chroma) was also measured to quantify the redness of samples. Effects of control variables on physical properties of extrudates such as bulk density, breaking strength and expansion index were also studied. The extrudates showed excellent red color when extruded at temperatures up to 150°C beyond which anthocyanins degraded resulting in lesser red color. TPC and ORAC of samples showed maximum retention at 120°C and 180°C and minimum at 150°C. The loss of TPC and ORAC varied from 33 to 61% and 12 to 75%, respectively. Maximum breaking strength and maximum bulk density were observed at low temperature (120°C) and high moisture (21%). Expansion index was maximum at high temperature (150°C) and low moisture (18%). The effect of powder on bulk density and expansion index was not as prominent as that of temperature. Thus, Kokum can be used as colorant and antioxidant for extruded product however; the loss of antioxidants is substantial.
PhysicalDescription
Form (authority = gmd)
electronic resource
Extent
x, 78 p. : ill.
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application/pdf
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text/xml
Note (type = degree)
M.S.
Note (type = bibliography)
Includes bibliographical references
Note (type = statement of responsibility)
by Anand Atre
Name (ID = NAME-1); (type = personal)
NamePart (type = family)
Atre
NamePart (type = given)
Anand
NamePart (type = date)
1987-
Role
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author
DisplayForm
Anand Atre
Name (ID = NAME-2); (type = personal)
NamePart (type = family)
Karwe
NamePart (type = given)
Mukund V
Role
RoleTerm (authority = RULIB)
chair
Affiliation
Advisory Committee
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Mukund V Karwe
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NamePart (type = family)
DAUN
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HENRYK
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internal member
Affiliation
Advisory Committee
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HENRYK DAUN
Name (ID = NAME-4); (type = personal)
NamePart (type = family)
Yam
NamePart (type = given)
Kit L
Role
RoleTerm (authority = RULIB)
internal member
Affiliation
Advisory Committee
DisplayForm
Kit L Yam
Name (ID = NAME-1); (type = corporate)
NamePart
Rutgers University
Role
RoleTerm (authority = RULIB)
degree grantor
Name (ID = NAME-2); (type = corporate)
NamePart
Graduate School - New Brunswick
Role
RoleTerm (authority = RULIB)
school
OriginInfo
DateCreated (qualifier = exact)
2011
DateOther (qualifier = exact); (type = degree)
2011-01
Place
PlaceTerm (type = code)
xx
RelatedItem (type = host)
TitleInfo
Title
Rutgers University Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Identifier (type = RULIB)
ETD
RelatedItem (type = host)
TitleInfo
Title
Graduate School - New Brunswick Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Identifier (type = local)
rucore19991600001
Location
PhysicalLocation (authority = marcorg); (displayLabel = Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey)
NjNbRU
Identifier (type = doi)
doi:10.7282/T35M65DK
Genre (authority = ExL-Esploro)
ETD graduate
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Rights

RightsDeclaration (ID = rulibRdec0006); (authority = GS)
The author owns the copyright to this work.
Copyright
Status
Copyright protected
Availability
Status
Open
Reason
Permission or license
RightsHolder (type = personal)
Name
FamilyName
Atre
GivenName
Anand
Role
Copyright Holder
RightsEvent (authority = rulib)
Type
Permission or license
DateTime
2010-12-04 19:01:56
AssociatedEntity (authority = rulib)
Role
Copyright holder
Name
Anand Atre
Affiliation
Rutgers University. Graduate School - New Brunswick
AssociatedObject (authority = rulib)
Type
License
Name
Author Agreement License
Detail
I hereby grant to the Rutgers University Libraries and to my school the non-exclusive right to archive, reproduce and distribute my thesis or dissertation, in whole or in part, and/or my abstract, in whole or in part, in and from an electronic format, subject to the release date subsequently stipulated in this submittal form and approved by my school. I represent and stipulate that the thesis or dissertation and its abstract are my original work, that they do not infringe or violate any rights of others, and that I make these grants as the sole owner of the rights to my thesis or dissertation and its abstract. I represent that I have obtained written permissions, when necessary, from the owner(s) of each third party copyrighted matter to be included in my thesis or dissertation and will supply copies of such upon request by my school. I acknowledge that RU ETD and my school will not distribute my thesis or dissertation or its abstract if, in their reasonable judgment, they believe all such rights have not been secured. I acknowledge that I retain ownership rights to the copyright of my work. I also retain the right to use all or part of this thesis or dissertation in future works, such as articles or books.
RightsEvent
Type
Embargo
DateTime (encoding = w3cdtf); (point = start); (qualifier = exact)
2015-01-09
DateTime (encoding = w3cdtf); (point = end); (qualifier = exact)
2016-01-31
Detail
Access to this PDF has been restricted at the author's request. It will be publicly available after January 31, 2016.
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Technical

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ETD
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application/pdf
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application/x-tar
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2334720
Checksum (METHOD = SHA1)
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