Curator

Fernanda Perrone

Special Collections and University Archives, Rutgers University Libraries

Curator

Thomas Fulton

Department of English, Rutgers University

Funder

New Jersey Council for the Humanities

The exhibition was made possible by a grant from the New Jersey Council for the Humanities, a state partner of the National Endowment for the Humanities. Any views, findings, conclusions or recommendations in the exhibition do not necessarily represent those of the national Endowment for the Humanities or the New Jersey Council for the Humanities.

Exhibition catalog

John Milton and the Cultures of Print: An Exhibition of Books, Manuscripts, and Other Artifacts

http://hdl.rutgers.edu/1782.1/rucore00000002112.Book.000057889

Published by Rutgers University Libraries in conjunction with the exhibition opening.

Exhibition section

Forms part of

IV. Pamphlet Wars

PAMPHLET WARS: Short, cheap, vernacular, and costing no more than a few pennies, the printed pamphlet often proved the most effective form for quick interventions in controversy. With the breakdown of censorship, the production of books and especially pamphlets exploded. The number of titles printed in England in 1641 was 2042, more than three times the number produced in 1639. More books and pamphlets were printed in 1642, during the English Civil War, than in the five-year period prior to 1639. In 1640-1, a bookseller and friend of Milton's named George Thomason began collecting books to document history, and for two decades he amassed 22,000 pamphlets, books, broadsides, and books of poetry. He dated each title with the day of its appearance, providing an invaluable (though not always precise) record of the day-to-day history of print. The entire collection now rests in the British Library, and is accessible online. Some of the titles preserved by Thomason exist in no other collection -- all other records of their existence have been lost. Pamphlets were the dominant mode of publication in the mid-seventeenth century, and most of Milton's own publications are pamphlets. Even though Milton published many pamphlets, and referred to many pamphlets in his printed work, he almost never refers to contemporary pamphlets in his Commonplace Book. Pamphlets have not always been valued; the Oxford librarian Thomas Bodley spoke famously against preserving pamphlets in libraries and university collections such as his own, opining that they were "not worth the custody in such a Library." They were short -- sometimes very short -- quarto books, which meant that the large sheet that was printed was folded twice (to make four parts) -- a folio, such as Shakespeare's Folio featured here, would be folded just once.

Exhibition caption

Forms part of

Joseph Hall, An Humble Remonstrance to the High Court of Parliament, By a Dutifull Sonne of the Church (London, 1640)

The pamphlets represented in this section of the exhibit represent a small slice of a larger debate that helped precipitate the English Civil War. Here Bishop Joseph Hall writes a remonstrance to Parliament on behalf of the English Church. He is then attacked in print by a group of puritans; he then defends himself, is attacked again, defends himself, and Milton finally enters the fray in 1642 with his last pamphlet on the Church.

Placement in digital exhibition

Forms part of

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