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MicroRNAs modulators of dietary restriction and aging in Caenorhabditis elegans

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TitleInfo
Title
MicroRNAs modulators of dietary restriction and aging in Caenorhabditis elegans
Name (type = personal)
NamePart (type = family)
Shah
NamePart (type = given)
Mitalie B.
NamePart (type = date)
1987-
DisplayForm
Mitalie Shah
Role
RoleTerm (authority = RULIB)
author
Name (type = personal)
NamePart (type = family)
Padgett
NamePart (type = given)
Richard W
DisplayForm
Richard W Padgett
Affiliation
Advisory Committee
Role
RoleTerm (authority = RULIB)
chair
Name (type = personal)
NamePart (type = family)
Driscoll
NamePart (type = given)
Monica
DisplayForm
Monica Driscoll
Affiliation
Advisory Committee
Role
RoleTerm (authority = RULIB)
internal member
Name (type = personal)
NamePart (type = family)
Rongo
NamePart (type = given)
Christopher
DisplayForm
Christopher Rongo
Affiliation
Advisory Committee
Role
RoleTerm (authority = RULIB)
internal member
Name (type = corporate)
NamePart
Rutgers University
Role
RoleTerm (authority = RULIB)
degree grantor
Name (type = corporate)
NamePart
Graduate School - New Brunswick
Role
RoleTerm (authority = RULIB)
school
TypeOfResource
Text
Genre (authority = marcgt)
theses
OriginInfo
DateCreated (qualifier = exact)
2012
DateOther (qualifier = exact); (type = degree)
2012-01
Place
PlaceTerm (type = code)
xx
Language
LanguageTerm (authority = ISO639-2b); (type = code)
eng
Subject (authority = RUETD)
Topic
Cell and Developmental Biology
RelatedItem (type = host)
TitleInfo
Title
Rutgers University Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Identifier (type = RULIB)
ETD
Identifier
ETD_3768
PhysicalDescription
Form (authority = gmd)
electronic resource
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application/pdf
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text/xml
Extent
xv, 234 p. : ill.
Note (type = degree)
M.S.
Note (type = bibliography)
Includes bibliographical references
Note (type = statement of responsibility)
by Mitalie B Shah
Abstract (type = abstract)
Aging is a universal phenomenon that is experienced by diverse organism. Aging can be
defined broadly as progressive decline in cellular functions in an organism with
increasing age, decreasing the ability to survive challenges. Understanding and
deciphering the mechanisms involved in this process has been a key focus of current
science. An important goal of aging research is not only to identify different approaches
to maximize human lifespan, but to also improve the quality of life with increasing age.
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are known to regulate a range of biological processes including
cell differentiation, cell death, development, oncogenesis, and metabolism, but little is
known about how they impact the biology of aging. Our research mainly focuses on
identifying how miRNAs, small molecules that target partially homologous transcripts to
block their translational expression, influence healthspan and lifespan in C. elegans. We
have identified many mir deletion mutants that impact different aspects of aging like
longevity, metabolic and muscle aging. There are four measures that reflect how well or
how poorly the animals are aging: age pigment levels, swimming body bend frequency
assays, pharyngeal pumping rates, and lifespan studies. Applying these tests, we have studied miRNAs mir-1, mir-256 and mir-238 in a focused manner. Importantly, we have also found that the mir-80(Δ) mutant modulates dietary restriction- a metabolic condition
in which reduced caloric intake significantly increases lifespan in a wide range of species.
mir-80(Δ) mutant exhibits multiple parameters of healthy aging, reduced reproductive
phase and expression of molecular reporters associated with dietary restriction. Using
RNAi knockdown, we have identified multiple transcription factors (SKN-1, DAF-16 and
HSF-1) and a transcriptional co-factor CBP-1 that seems to play an important role in
making mir-80(Δ) long-lived through dietary restriction. In short, we have discovered the
first ever microRNA (miR-80) that modulates dietary restriction and longevity in C.
elegans. In sum, we have shown that microRNAs can modulate various aspects of C.
elegans healthspan, and determined the role of some microRNAs in aging, muscle
physiology and dietary restriction. Becaue miRNA signaling can be conserved, our
studies will provide clues to similar processes in vertebrates, including humans.
Subject (authority = ETD-LCSH)
Topic
RNA--Metabolism
Subject (authority = ETD-LCSH)
Topic
Caenorhabditis elegans--Aging
Subject (authority = ETD-LCSH)
Topic
Aging--Animal models
Subject (authority = ETD-LCSH)
Topic
Aging--Genetic aspects
Identifier (type = hdl)
http://hdl.rutgers.edu/1782.1/rucore10001600001.ETD.000064176
RelatedItem (type = host)
TitleInfo
Title
Graduate School - New Brunswick Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Identifier (type = local)
rucore19991600001
Location
PhysicalLocation (authority = marcorg); (displayLabel = Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey)
NjNbRU
Identifier (type = doi)
doi:10.7282/T3862FG2
Genre (authority = ExL-Esploro)
ETD graduate
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Rights

RightsDeclaration (ID = rulibRdec0006)
The author owns the copyright to this work.
RightsHolder (type = personal)
Name
FamilyName
Shah
GivenName
Mitalie
Role
Copyright Holder
RightsEvent
Type
Permission or license
DateTime (encoding = w3cdtf); (qualifier = exact); (point = start)
2012-01-02 23:34:02
AssociatedEntity
Name
Mitalie Shah
Role
Copyright holder
Affiliation
Rutgers University. Graduate School - New Brunswick
AssociatedObject
Type
License
Name
Author Agreement License
Detail
I hereby grant to the Rutgers University Libraries and to my school the non-exclusive right to archive, reproduce and distribute my thesis or dissertation, in whole or in part, and/or my abstract, in whole or in part, in and from an electronic format, subject to the release date subsequently stipulated in this submittal form and approved by my school. I represent and stipulate that the thesis or dissertation and its abstract are my original work, that they do not infringe or violate any rights of others, and that I make these grants as the sole owner of the rights to my thesis or dissertation and its abstract. I represent that I have obtained written permissions, when necessary, from the owner(s) of each third party copyrighted matter to be included in my thesis or dissertation and will supply copies of such upon request by my school. I acknowledge that RU ETD and my school will not distribute my thesis or dissertation or its abstract if, in their reasonable judgment, they believe all such rights have not been secured. I acknowledge that I retain ownership rights to the copyright of my work. I also retain the right to use all or part of this thesis or dissertation in future works, such as articles or books.
Copyright
Status
Copyright protected
Availability
Status
Open
Reason
Permission or license
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