DescriptionThis study used the Q-sort method and qualitative interview to gather exploratory data on what potential psychotherapy clients think that therapists should be doing to best help their clients. While current literature suggests that clinical psychologists generally align themselves with either “psychodynamic/humanistic” or “CBT/scientific” views of psychotherapy, little is known regarding whether individuals seeking psychotherapy have similar views of the therapy process. Fifty-eight Q-sort statements addressing what psychotherapy should be like were created in consultation with clinical psychologists. Forty participants, twenty from the general population and twenty seeking therapy at a college counseling center, took part in the study. The procedure involved ranking Q-sort statements according to level of agreement and answering follow-up questions during an interview. Results indicated that participants did have worldviews, or “lay theories” of psychotherapy that corresponded to different approaches to conducting therapy. Factor analysis yielded two distinct groups of participants, with one group endorsing a more “unstructured” type of therapy in which open-ended reflection and exploration were considered important for therapy but having a formal diagnosis was not considered as crucial, and the other characterized by a more “structured” type of therapy in which formal diagnosis, goal setting and problem solving were considered more important. Other significant findings included an overall preference by all participants for therapy to be uniquely tailored to the individual client, for therapists to help the client talk about the past, and for therapists to focus on interpretation of clients’ communications.