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Neural networks underlying language processing in same script bilinguals
Descriptive
TitleInfo
Title
Neural networks underlying language processing in same script bilinguals
SubTitle
an investigation of functional specificity in the visual word form area
Name
(type = personal)
NamePart
(type = family)
Boukrina
NamePart
(type = given)
Olga
NamePart
(type = date)
1982-
DisplayForm
Olga Boukrina
Role
RoleTerm
(authority = RULIB)
author
Name
(type = personal)
NamePart
(type = family)
Delgado
NamePart
(type = given)
Mauricio
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Mauricio Delgado
Affiliation
Advisory Committee
Role
RoleTerm
(authority = RULIB)
chair
Name
(type = personal)
NamePart
(type = family)
Hanson
NamePart
(type = given)
Stephen José
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Stephen José Hanson
Affiliation
Advisory Committee
Role
RoleTerm
(authority = RULIB)
internal member
Name
(type = personal)
NamePart
(type = family)
Hanson
NamePart
(type = given)
Catherine
DisplayForm
Catherine Hanson
Affiliation
Advisory Committee
Role
RoleTerm
(authority = RULIB)
internal member
Name
(type = personal)
NamePart
(type = family)
Austin
NamePart
(type = given)
Jennifer
DisplayForm
Jennifer Austin
Affiliation
Advisory Committee
Role
RoleTerm
(authority = RULIB)
internal member
Name
(type = personal)
NamePart
(type = family)
Williams
NamePart
(type = given)
Edwin
DisplayForm
Edwin Williams
Affiliation
Advisory Committee
Role
RoleTerm
(authority = RULIB)
outside member
Name
(type = corporate)
NamePart
Rutgers University
Role
RoleTerm
(authority = RULIB)
degree grantor
Name
(type = corporate)
NamePart
Graduate School - Newark
Role
RoleTerm
(authority = RULIB)
school
TypeOfResource
Text
Genre
(authority = marcgt)
theses
OriginInfo
DateCreated
(qualifier = exact)
2012
DateOther
(qualifier = exact);
(type = degree)
2012-10
CopyrightDate
(qualifier = exact)
2012
Place
PlaceTerm
(type = code)
xx
Language
LanguageTerm
(authority = ISO639-2b);
(type = code)
eng
Abstract
(type = abstract)
A small area in the inferior occipito-temporal cortex of the brain named the Visual Word Form Area (VWFA) was shown to be involved in recognition of written words. This area becomes more active when participants view written words as compared to other kinds of visual stimuli, such as checkerboard patterns (e.g., Cohen et al., 2000; 2002), digits (Polk et al., 2002), or geometric shapes (Gros et al., 2001). This dissertation research examined how functional specialization to written words emerges in the VWFA as a function of language experience and how the response in this area may rapidly adapt to the constraints imposed by the characteristics of the visual input. VWFA activity was measured with fMRI in two samples of same-script bilingual speakers, who varied in the level of proficiency across two languages. In Experiments 1 and 2, activity for first and second language words was contrasted with checkerboard pattern baseline. Both overlapping and distinct areas of activation within VWFA were found for each language. The extent of activation overlap for first and second language was related to participants' language proficiency and age of acquisition. This result was confirmed by univariate (Experiment 1) and multivariate (Experiment 2) analyses. In Experiment 3, repetition suppression was observed in the VWFA for word-pairs with similar orthography (homographs), but not for word-pairs with similar orthography and meaning (cognates), indicating that the VWFA is sensitive to semantic information. In addition, graphical connectivity analyses revealed that the more proficient language activated a ventral route from the VWFA to the prefrontal areas, and the less proficient language activated a dorsal route. Experiment 4 tested whether neural activity in the VWFA increases when target words are semantically congruent with the rest of the words in a sentence. The results showed that while the VWFA activity is buffered against repetition suppression by semantic similarity between single words, the VWFA is not sensitive to sentence level congruency. Collectively, the results suggest that the VWFA supports abstract orthographic processing, with similar mechanisms employed for early-acquired same-script languages, and that it participates in the integration of incoming visual information with single word semantics.
Subject
(authority = RUETD)
Topic
Psychology
RelatedItem
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TitleInfo
Title
Rutgers University Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Identifier
(type = RULIB)
ETD
Identifier
ETD_4158
PhysicalDescription
Form
(authority = gmd)
electronic resource
InternetMediaType
application/pdf
InternetMediaType
text/xml
Extent
xiii, 158 p. : ill.
Note
(type = degree)
Ph.D.
Note
(type = bibliography)
Includes bibliographical references
Note
(type = vita)
Includes vita
Note
(type = statement of responsibility)
by Olga Boukrina
Subject
(authority = ETD-LCSH)
Topic
Visual perception
Subject
(authority = ETD-LCSH)
Topic
Word recognition
Subject
(authority = ETD-LCSH)
Topic
Neurophysiology
Identifier
(type = hdl)
http://hdl.rutgers.edu/1782.1/rucore10002600001.ETD.000066536
RelatedItem
(type = host)
TitleInfo
Title
Graduate School - Newark Electronic Theses and Dissertations
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rucore10002600001
Location
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(displayLabel = Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey)
NjNbRU
Identifier
(type = doi)
doi:10.7282/T3DF6Q1Q
Genre
(authority = ExL-Esploro)
ETD doctoral
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Rights
RightsDeclaration
(ID = rulibRdec0006)
The author owns the copyright to this work.
RightsHolder
(type = personal)
Name
FamilyName
Boukrina
GivenName
Olga
Role
Copyright Holder
RightsEvent
Type
Permission or license
DateTime
(encoding = w3cdtf);
(qualifier = exact);
(point = start)
2012-06-21 15:02:04
AssociatedEntity
Name
Olga Boukrina
Role
Copyright holder
Affiliation
Rutgers University. Graduate School - Newark
AssociatedObject
Type
License
Name
Author Agreement License
Detail
I hereby grant to the Rutgers University Libraries and to my school the non-exclusive right to archive, reproduce and distribute my thesis or dissertation, in whole or in part, and/or my abstract, in whole or in part, in and from an electronic format, subject to the release date subsequently stipulated in this submittal form and approved by my school. I represent and stipulate that the thesis or dissertation and its abstract are my original work, that they do not infringe or violate any rights of others, and that I make these grants as the sole owner of the rights to my thesis or dissertation and its abstract. I represent that I have obtained written permissions, when necessary, from the owner(s) of each third party copyrighted matter to be included in my thesis or dissertation and will supply copies of such upon request by my school. I acknowledge that RU ETD and my school will not distribute my thesis or dissertation or its abstract if, in their reasonable judgment, they believe all such rights have not been secured. I acknowledge that I retain ownership rights to the copyright of my work. I also retain the right to use all or part of this thesis or dissertation in future works, such as articles or books.
Copyright
Status
Copyright protected
Availability
Status
Open
Reason
Permission or license
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