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Patterns of climate variability in the Western Equatorial Pacific during the Common Era
Descriptive
TitleInfo
Title
Patterns of climate variability in the Western Equatorial Pacific during the Common Era
Name
(type = personal)
NamePart
(type = family)
Esswein
NamePart
(type = given)
Katherine Lee
NamePart
(type = date)
1986-
DisplayForm
Katherine Esswein
Role
RoleTerm
(authority = RULIB)
author
Name
(type = personal)
NamePart
(type = family)
Rosenthal
NamePart
(type = given)
Yair
DisplayForm
Yair Rosenthal
Affiliation
Advisory Committee
Role
RoleTerm
(authority = RULIB)
chair
Name
(type = personal)
NamePart
(type = family)
Broccoli
NamePart
(type = given)
Anthony
DisplayForm
Anthony Broccoli
Affiliation
Advisory Committee
Role
RoleTerm
(authority = RULIB)
internal member
Name
(type = personal)
NamePart
(type = family)
Linsley
NamePart
(type = given)
Braddock
DisplayForm
Braddock Linsley
Affiliation
Advisory Committee
Role
RoleTerm
(authority = RULIB)
outside member
Name
(type = corporate)
NamePart
Rutgers University
Role
RoleTerm
(authority = RULIB)
degree grantor
Name
(type = corporate)
NamePart
Graduate School - New Brunswick
Role
RoleTerm
(authority = RULIB)
school
TypeOfResource
Text
Genre
(authority = marcgt)
theses
OriginInfo
DateCreated
(qualifier = exact)
2012
DateOther
(qualifier = exact);
(type = degree)
2012-10
Place
PlaceTerm
(type = code)
xx
Language
LanguageTerm
(authority = ISO639-2b);
(type = code)
eng
Abstract
(type = abstract)
Paleoclimate records suggest significant multi-centennial climate variability during the past two millennia, the Common Era (CE), despite the apparently small changes in external forcings. Proxy records suggest that the Northern hemisphere (NH) was about 0.8 °C cooler during the Little Ice Age (LIA, 1450-1850 CE) relative to the Medieval Climate Anomaly (MCA 950-1250 CE) and the last century. The majority of these anomaly reconstructions are from terrestrial records in the NH while information from the Indo-Pacific Warm pool (IPWP) are limited. As the latter exert strong influence on atmospheric convection and thus global climate and rainfall studying the climate of IPWP during the CE can help discern natural variability as well as anthropogenically forced alterations. Here I use planktonic foraminifera in rapidly accumulating sediments to reconstruct sea surface temperature (SST) and salinity in the Indonesian Seas to investigate changes in tropical temperature anomalies and monsoon strength throughout the CE. I have studied two sediment cores, one in the northern Makassar Strait, and the other in the Java Sea. The reconstruction of climate parameters is obtained by measuring magnesium/calcium ratios (Mg/Ca) and the oxygen isotopic (δ18O) composition in the tests of a surface dwelling foraminifer, Globigerinoides ruber (sensu stricto). The combined multi and gravity cores exhibit a significant trend in SST from northern to southern Makassar strait, suggesting significant local variability superimposed on the regional and global signals. A compilation of my Makassar Strait records with previously published records shows a 0.60 ± 0.25 °C cooling in the LIA and temperatures about as warm as the reference period (1860-1890 CE) during the MCA which is highly correlated with the NH temperature reconstruction. Model output showing the SST variability with forcing parameters held constant in the same region show ± 0.25 °C unforced variability leaving evidence that the SST variability in the proxy compilation could be externally forced. Paired measurements of Mg/Ca-SST and δ18Ocalicte data are used to derive the δ18Osw, a proxy for salinity which shows more depleted values in sites south of the equator during the LIA, interpreted as fresher conditions. This apparent freshening of the surface water suggests enhanced precipitation associated with the Indonesian boreal winter monsoon.
Subject
(authority = RUETD)
Topic
Oceanography
RelatedItem
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TitleInfo
Title
Rutgers University Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Identifier
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ETD
Identifier
ETD_4300
PhysicalDescription
Form
(authority = gmd)
electronic resource
InternetMediaType
application/pdf
InternetMediaType
text/xml
Extent
x, 63 p. : ill.
Note
(type = degree)
M.S.
Note
(type = bibliography)
Includes bibliographical references
Note
(type = statement of responsibility)
by Katherine Lee Esswein
Subject
(authority = ETD-LCSH)
Topic
Climatic changes--Indonesia
Subject
(authority = ETD-LCSH)
Topic
Climatic changes--Pacific Ocean
Subject
(authority = ETD-LCSH)
Topic
Oceanography--Research
Identifier
(type = hdl)
http://hdl.rutgers.edu/1782.1/rucore10001600001.ETD.000066736
RelatedItem
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TitleInfo
Title
Graduate School - New Brunswick Electronic Theses and Dissertations
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rucore19991600001
Location
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(displayLabel = Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey)
NjNbRU
Identifier
(type = doi)
doi:10.7282/T30R9N6N
Genre
(authority = ExL-Esploro)
ETD graduate
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Rights
RightsDeclaration
(ID = rulibRdec0006)
The author owns the copyright to this work.
RightsHolder
(type = personal)
Name
FamilyName
Esswein
GivenName
Katherine
Role
Copyright Holder
RightsEvent
Type
Permission or license
DateTime
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(qualifier = exact);
(point = start)
2012-09-26 23:01:49
AssociatedEntity
Name
Katherine Esswein
Role
Copyright holder
Affiliation
Rutgers University. Graduate School - New Brunswick
AssociatedObject
Type
License
Name
Author Agreement License
Detail
I hereby grant to the Rutgers University Libraries and to my school the non-exclusive right to archive, reproduce and distribute my thesis or dissertation, in whole or in part, and/or my abstract, in whole or in part, in and from an electronic format, subject to the release date subsequently stipulated in this submittal form and approved by my school. I represent and stipulate that the thesis or dissertation and its abstract are my original work, that they do not infringe or violate any rights of others, and that I make these grants as the sole owner of the rights to my thesis or dissertation and its abstract. I represent that I have obtained written permissions, when necessary, from the owner(s) of each third party copyrighted matter to be included in my thesis or dissertation and will supply copies of such upon request by my school. I acknowledge that RU ETD and my school will not distribute my thesis or dissertation or its abstract if, in their reasonable judgment, they believe all such rights have not been secured. I acknowledge that I retain ownership rights to the copyright of my work. I also retain the right to use all or part of this thesis or dissertation in future works, such as articles or books.
Copyright
Status
Copyright protected
Availability
Status
Open
Reason
Permission or license
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5523456
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