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Antiplasmodial and phytochemical investigation of traditionally used antimalarial plants of the United States
Descriptive
TitleInfo
Title
Antiplasmodial and phytochemical investigation of traditionally used antimalarial plants of the United States
Name
(type = personal)
NamePart
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Graziose
NamePart
(type = given)
Rocky Thomas
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Rocky Graziose
Role
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(authority = RULIB)
author
Name
(type = personal)
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(type = family)
Raskin
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(type = given)
Ilya
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Ilya Raskin
Affiliation
Advisory Committee
Role
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chair
Name
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NamePart
(type = family)
Gianfagna
NamePart
(type = given)
Thomas
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Thomas Gianfagna
Affiliation
Advisory Committee
Role
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(authority = RULIB)
internal member
Name
(type = personal)
NamePart
(type = family)
Struwe
NamePart
(type = given)
Lena
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Lena Struwe
Affiliation
Advisory Committee
Role
RoleTerm
(authority = RULIB)
internal member
Name
(type = personal)
NamePart
(type = family)
Lila
NamePart
(type = given)
Mary Ann
DisplayForm
Mary Ann Lila
Affiliation
Advisory Committee
Role
RoleTerm
(authority = RULIB)
outside member
Name
(type = personal)
NamePart
(type = family)
Smith
NamePart
(type = given)
Peter
DisplayForm
Peter Smith
Affiliation
Advisory Committee
Role
RoleTerm
(authority = RULIB)
outside member
Name
(type = corporate)
NamePart
Rutgers University
Role
RoleTerm
(authority = RULIB)
degree grantor
Name
(type = corporate)
NamePart
Graduate School - New Brunswick
Role
RoleTerm
(authority = RULIB)
school
TypeOfResource
Text
Genre
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theses
OriginInfo
DateCreated
(qualifier = exact)
2012
DateOther
(qualifier = exact);
(type = degree)
2012-10
CopyrightDate
(qualifier = exact)
2012
Place
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(type = code)
xx
Language
LanguageTerm
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(type = code)
eng
Abstract
(type = abstract)
Malaria is a devastating parasitic disease that causes over 200 million infections and 600,000 human deaths a year. Increased drug resistance to currently used antimalarial therapies signifies a need to discover and develop novel treatments. Although not a present day issue, malaria was once a major concern in the United States and people often utilized local plant species to treat the disease. Since the eradication of malaria from the U.S. in the 1950’s, many herbal remedies have been forgotten and survive only in written records. Such historically reported plants may hold potentially potent and novel antimalarial compounds. This research project was designed to 1) Identify promising plant species of the United States that have been used to treat malaria; 2) Collect, extract and test the in vitro antiplasmodial activity of the selected species; 3) Isolate, identify and characterize the phytochemicals within those plants that are responsible for the observed activity. This work resulted in the in vitro antiplasmodial screening of 243 extracts from 46 plant species representing 28 angiosperm families. Six species were selected for bioassay guided fractionation to isolate the bioactive constituents (of which four are described in detail here). Forty two chemical compounds displaying antiplasmodial activity were isolated in pure form, of which 9 novel compounds were newly described. The IC50 values of the compounds ranged from 0.11 µM to over 100 µM. All isolated compounds were also tested for cytotoxicity and several for their in vitro ability to inhibit Leishmania tarentolae as a proxy for antileishmanial activity. This work provides pharmacological and phytochemical support for the ethnobotanical use of plant species traditionally used to treat malaria in the United States. It also adds to the number and diversity of plant derived antiplasmodial compounds. The rich ethnobotanical history of the United States has been overshadowed as reliance on modern medicine has become the standard. However, as evidenced by this dissertation, traditional remedies, even those that are no longer used, continue to serve as a potentially important source lead for modern drug discovery.
Subject
(authority = RUETD)
Topic
Plant Biology
RelatedItem
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TitleInfo
Title
Rutgers University Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Identifier
(type = RULIB)
ETD
Identifier
ETD_4315
PhysicalDescription
Form
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electronic resource
InternetMediaType
application/pdf
InternetMediaType
text/xml
Extent
xiv, 116 p. : ill.
Note
(type = degree)
Ph.D.
Note
(type = bibliography)
Includes bibliographical references
Note
(type = statement of responsibility)
by Rocky Thomas Graziose
Subject
(authority = ETD-LCSH)
Topic
Ethnobotany--United States
Subject
(authority = ETD-LCSH)
Topic
Malaria--Treatment
Identifier
(type = hdl)
http://hdl.rutgers.edu/1782.1/rucore10001600001.ETD.000066749
RelatedItem
(type = host)
TitleInfo
Title
Graduate School - New Brunswick Electronic Theses and Dissertations
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rucore19991600001
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(displayLabel = Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey)
NjNbRU
Identifier
(type = doi)
doi:10.7282/T33R0RPP
Genre
(authority = ExL-Esploro)
ETD doctoral
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Rights
RightsDeclaration
(ID = rulibRdec0006)
The author owns the copyright to this work.
RightsHolder
(type = personal)
Name
FamilyName
Graziose
GivenName
Rocky
Role
Copyright Holder
RightsEvent
Type
Permission or license
DateTime
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(qualifier = exact);
(point = start)
2012-09-28 08:57:45
AssociatedEntity
Name
Rocky Graziose
Role
Copyright holder
Affiliation
Rutgers University. Graduate School - New Brunswick
AssociatedObject
Type
License
Name
Author Agreement License
Detail
I hereby grant to the Rutgers University Libraries and to my school the non-exclusive right to archive, reproduce and distribute my thesis or dissertation, in whole or in part, and/or my abstract, in whole or in part, in and from an electronic format, subject to the release date subsequently stipulated in this submittal form and approved by my school. I represent and stipulate that the thesis or dissertation and its abstract are my original work, that they do not infringe or violate any rights of others, and that I make these grants as the sole owner of the rights to my thesis or dissertation and its abstract. I represent that I have obtained written permissions, when necessary, from the owner(s) of each third party copyrighted matter to be included in my thesis or dissertation and will supply copies of such upon request by my school. I acknowledge that RU ETD and my school will not distribute my thesis or dissertation or its abstract if, in their reasonable judgment, they believe all such rights have not been secured. I acknowledge that I retain ownership rights to the copyright of my work. I also retain the right to use all or part of this thesis or dissertation in future works, such as articles or books.
Copyright
Status
Copyright protected
Availability
Status
Open
Reason
Permission or license
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1805824
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1812480
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