For the last six months, I have researched Title IX and its impact on athletics within historical black colleges and universities (HBCU) specifically race. African-American women including all minorities have participated in college athletics as a direct result of Title IX. African-American women eventually graduate from college and are offered professional opportunities as either coaches or administrators. In 1972 Title IX became a federal law and banned sex discrimination in federally funded educational programs. I asked whether Title IX had a different impact on historical black colleges and universities (HBCU) vs. historical white colleges and universities (HWCU). My research suggests that the impact of Title IX on higher education is complicated. The primary focus of this paper is the institutional response to Title IX, and the institutions’ aspirations for black women leaders. I examined the institutional response at three colleges/universities: Spellman College, Howard University, and Rutgers University – New Brunswick. Through this research process, I have discovered that historical white colleges’ and universities’ response to Title IX has been to expand women’s varsity athletics but historical black colleges and universities have chosen to de-emphasize college sports and create physical educational activities. HBCU’s communities have provided learning centers, wellness programs, and career workshops to prepare their female student athletes for their future goals as leaders in society. This new revived role of physical education that has been created by HBCUs suggests that the institutions have not responded to Title IX by expanding women’s sports for gender equality but in fact HBCUs have put more emphasis on the racial uplift ideology.
Subject (authority = RUETD)
Topic
Liberal Studies
Subject (authority = ETD-LCSH)
Topic
African American universities and colleges--Sports
Subject (authority = ETD-LCSH)
Topic
United States. Education Amendments of 1972. Title IX
Subject (authority = ETD-LCSH)
Topic
African American women
RelatedItem (type = host)
TitleInfo
Title
Rutgers University Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Identifier (type = RULIB)
ETD
Identifier
ETD_6530
PhysicalDescription
Form (authority = gmd)
electronic resource
InternetMediaType
application/pdf
InternetMediaType
text/xml
Extent
1 online resource (iv, 41 p.)
Note (type = degree)
M.A.
Note (type = bibliography)
Includes bibliographical references
Note (type = statement of responsibility)
by Sheena Pierce
RelatedItem (type = host)
TitleInfo
Title
Camden Graduate School Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Identifier (type = local)
rucore10005600001
Location
PhysicalLocation (authority = marcorg); (displayLabel = Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey)
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