DescriptionThis dissertation examines the Pennsylvania Fresh Food Financing Initiative (PA FFFI), a groundbreaking effort which supported the construction of 88 supermarkets in low-income communities with poor access to healthy fresh food, between 2004 and 2009. This program became the model for similar efforts in cities and states across the United States, as well as the Federal Healthy Food Financing Initiative. The dissertation utilizes the PA FFFI case study to explore the impact that the neoliberal policy environment has had on community development. The neoliberal preference for limited government has led to reduced federal funding for low-income communities and a shift towards programs that leverage private capital to achieve social goals. This includes tax credits and other funding mechanisms that preference larger, more market-oriented actors. Because The PA FFFI case study suggests that, because of their size and financial acumen, community development financial institutions (CDFIs) appear to have an advantage in this new community development landscape, possibly at the expense of community development corporations and other more local actors.