DescriptionBiologists make regular use of a large family of informational concepts. Examples include “signaling”, “coding”, “programming”, and more. Indeed, many biologists would go so far as to claim that biology is inherently an information science. The application of informational concepts in biology raises some intriguing philosophical questions, particularly when they are applied to low-level entities such as genes and other biomolecules. This dissertation looks at a subset of such applications in low-level biology. More specifically, I consider in detail the notion of a genetic program, of genetic representation, and of positional information (information about a cell’s location in the embryo). In the final part of this dissertation, I switch gears and consider some issues that arise in connection with information in a different biological domain, namely, human evolution.