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Sponge-associated dehalogenating microorganisms and isotope analysis of their dehalogenation of brominated phenols
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Gray, Isabel Del Carmen. Sponge-associated dehalogenating microorganisms and isotope analysis of their dehalogenation of brominated phenols. Retrieved from https://doi.org/doi:10.7282/T3WD42JT

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TitleSponge-associated dehalogenating microorganisms and isotope analysis of their dehalogenation of brominated phenols
NameGray, Isabel Del Carmen (author); Häggblom, Max H (chair); Kerkhof, Lee (internal member); Fennell, Donna (internal member); Nijenhuis, Ivonne (outside member); Rutgers University; Graduate School - New Brunswick
Date Created2015
Other Date2015-10 (degree)
SubjectEnvironmental Sciences, Isotopes, Sponges
Extent1 online resource (xv, 149 p. : ill.)
DescriptionSponges are filter feeders, ancient animals that have been extremely successful in surviving for over 600 million years almost unchanged. These metazoa can harbor microbes comprising almost 35% of their bodies at densities of 109 cells/g. Sponges are also rich in organohalides, usually with bioactive cytostatic and/or cytotoxic characteristics. Some of these organohalides resemble anthropogenic pollutants, such as halogenated dioxins and flame retardants. Thus, in nature some sponges contain both a high number of microbes as well as a high concentration of organohalides. This includes the sponge Aplysina aerophoba, from where Desulfoluna spongiiphila was isolated, a sulfate reducing Deltaproteobacteria that can reductively dehalogenate bromophenols. This observation led to the interest of enriching for sponge-associated microbes capable of dehalogenation from different ecoregions of the temperate and tropical oceans. The hypothesis is that dehalogenating bacteria are widespread among sponge species regardless of geographical location and form stable populations within the sponge animal that function in the cycling of organohalide compounds. Anaerobic dehalogenating activity was found to be widespread among sponges. In addition, new isolates obtained were closely related to D. spongiiphila. Compound Specific Isotope Analysis (CSIA) of 2,6-dibromophenol and its dehalogenation products revealed that carbon isotopic enrichment factors for sponge-associated bacterial dehalogenation are identical, probably due to a high similarity in the dehalogenating mechanism. The results support the hypothesis that dehalogenating microorganisms are widely distributed within marine sponges. The association between host sponge and associated microbiota is probably driven by the unique organohalide chemistry. At the same time the research of dehalogenating sponge-associated microorganism provided a unique setting for a deeper understanding into microbe-animal associations that could potentially be an ancient symbiosis
NotePh.D.
NoteIncludes bibliographical references
Noteby Isabel Del Carmen Gray
Genretheses, ETD doctoral
Persistent URLhttps://doi.org/doi:10.7282/T3WD42JT
Languageeng
CollectionGraduate School - New Brunswick Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Organization NameRutgers, The State University of New Jersey
RightsThe author owns the copyright to this work.
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