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Ammonia toxicity in bacteria and its implications for treatment of and resource recovery from highly nitrogenous organic wastes
Descriptive
TitleInfo
Title
Ammonia toxicity in bacteria and its implications for treatment of and resource recovery from highly nitrogenous organic wastes
Name
(type = personal)
NamePart
(type = family)
Luther
NamePart
(type = given)
Amanda Kay
NamePart
(type = date)
1985-
DisplayForm
Amanda Kay Luther
Role
RoleTerm
(authority = RULIB)
author
Name
(type = personal)
NamePart
(type = family)
Fennell
NamePart
(type = given)
Donna E
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Donna E Fennell
Affiliation
Advisory Committee
Role
RoleTerm
(authority = RULIB)
chair
Name
(type = personal)
NamePart
(type = family)
Strom
NamePart
(type = given)
Peter F
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Peter F Strom
Affiliation
Advisory Committee
Role
RoleTerm
(authority = RULIB)
internal member
Name
(type = personal)
NamePart
(type = family)
Young
NamePart
(type = given)
Lily Y
DisplayForm
Lily Y Young
Affiliation
Advisory Committee
Role
RoleTerm
(authority = RULIB)
internal member
Name
(type = personal)
NamePart
(type = family)
Rabaey
NamePart
(type = given)
Korneel
DisplayForm
Korneel Rabaey
Affiliation
Advisory Committee
Role
RoleTerm
(authority = RULIB)
outside member
Name
(type = corporate)
NamePart
Rutgers University
Role
RoleTerm
(authority = RULIB)
degree grantor
Name
(type = corporate)
NamePart
Graduate School - New Brunswick
Role
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(authority = RULIB)
school
TypeOfResource
Text
Genre
(authority = marcgt)
theses
OriginInfo
DateCreated
(encoding = w3cdtf);
(qualifier = exact)
2015
DateOther
(qualifier = exact);
(type = degree)
2015-10
CopyrightDate
(encoding = w3cdtf);
(qualifier = exact)
2015
Place
PlaceTerm
(type = code)
xx
Language
LanguageTerm
(authority = ISO639-2b);
(type = code)
eng
Abstract
(type = abstract)
Treatment of highly nitrogenous organic wastes (HNOWs) by anaerobic digestion (AD) results in the release of ammonia that can become inhibitory to methanogenesis as total ammonia nitrogen (TAN) concentration increases above 0.2 M (~3 g N L-1). This inhibition reduces potential energy recovery (as biogas) from AD systems. Toxicity/inhibition has been attributed specifically to the un-ionized species of ammonia (NH3), which increases with increasing pH and temperature. Protein degrading, amino acid fermenting bacteria play a key role in AD—liberating ammonia, and providing precursors (H2, CO2, and fatty acids) to downstream processes. The amino acid fermenting bacterium Peptostreptococcus russellii exhibits rapid growth on proteins, peptides, and amino acids, and can tolerate TAN concentrations up to 0.4 M at pH 8.5. Differential expression analysis of the P. russellii transcriptome comparing ammonia stressed (0.29 M NH4+, 74 mM NH3) and sodium stressed (0.05 M sodium chloride) growth against unstressed growth, revealed a unique transcriptional response under ammonia stress, with 680 putative genes significantly, differentially, and uniquely expressed under ammonia stress. Specifically, exposure to high ammonia resulted in downregulation of major amino acid fermentation pathways, a shift in the energy conservation systems utilized by this bacterium, and the upregulation of a pathway for glycogen synthesis. Anaerobic digestion of HNOWs produces abundant ammonia that can be recovered as a resource. Electrochemical membrane electrolysis systems show promise for resource recovery from mixed wastewaters, permitting selective recovery of NH4+ as a high purity chemical. Here we demonstrated high rates of ammonia recovery from concentrated urine using an electrochemical cell (EC). EC processing of real urine sustained high flux of NH4+ at 275 ± 5 g N m-2 d-1 over ten days of operation, with a current efficiency of 55 ± 1% and an electrical cost of 13 kWh kg-1 N transferred.
Subject
(authority = RUETD)
Topic
Environmental Sciences
Subject
(authority = ETD-LCSH)
Topic
Ammonia--Toxicology
RelatedItem
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TitleInfo
Title
Rutgers University Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Identifier
(type = RULIB)
ETD
Identifier
ETD_6823
PhysicalDescription
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electronic resource
InternetMediaType
application/pdf
InternetMediaType
text/xml
Extent
1 online resource (xvi, 178 p. : ill.)
Note
(type = degree)
Ph.D.
Note
(type = bibliography)
Includes bibliographical references
Note
(type = statement of responsibility)
by Amanda Kay Luther
RelatedItem
(type = host)
TitleInfo
Title
Graduate School - New Brunswick Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Identifier
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rucore19991600001
Location
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(displayLabel = Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey)
NjNbRU
Identifier
(type = doi)
doi:10.7282/T3668G53
Genre
(authority = ExL-Esploro)
ETD doctoral
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Rights
RightsDeclaration
(ID = rulibRdec0006)
The author owns the copyright to this work.
RightsHolder
(type = personal)
Name
FamilyName
Luther
GivenName
Amanda
MiddleName
Kay
Role
Copyright Holder
RightsEvent
Type
Permission or license
DateTime
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(qualifier = exact);
(point = start)
2015-09-29 18:57:41
AssociatedEntity
Name
Amanda Luther
Role
Copyright holder
Affiliation
Rutgers University. Graduate School - New Brunswick
AssociatedObject
Type
License
Name
Author Agreement License
Detail
I hereby grant to the Rutgers University Libraries and to my school the non-exclusive right to archive, reproduce and distribute my thesis or dissertation, in whole or in part, and/or my abstract, in whole or in part, in and from an electronic format, subject to the release date subsequently stipulated in this submittal form and approved by my school. I represent and stipulate that the thesis or dissertation and its abstract are my original work, that they do not infringe or violate any rights of others, and that I make these grants as the sole owner of the rights to my thesis or dissertation and its abstract. I represent that I have obtained written permissions, when necessary, from the owner(s) of each third party copyrighted matter to be included in my thesis or dissertation and will supply copies of such upon request by my school. I acknowledge that RU ETD and my school will not distribute my thesis or dissertation or its abstract if, in their reasonable judgment, they believe all such rights have not been secured. I acknowledge that I retain ownership rights to the copyright of my work. I also retain the right to use all or part of this thesis or dissertation in future works, such as articles or books.
RightsEvent
DateTime
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(qualifier = exact);
(point = start)
2015-10-31
DateTime
(encoding = w3cdtf);
(qualifier = exact);
(point = end)
2017-10-30
Type
Embargo
Detail
Access to this PDF has been restricted at the author's request. It will be publicly available after October 30th, 2017.
Copyright
Status
Copyright protected
Availability
Status
Open
Reason
Permission or license
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Technical
RULTechMD
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ContentModel
ETD
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windows xp
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