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Discerning the mechanisms of coexistence between marine cren/thaumarchaea and marine bacteria via stable isotope probing

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Title
Discerning the mechanisms of coexistence between marine cren/thaumarchaea and marine bacteria via stable isotope probing
Name (type = personal)
NamePart (type = family)
Seyler
NamePart (type = given)
Lauren Marie
NamePart (type = date)
1984-
DisplayForm
Lauren Marie Seyler
Role
RoleTerm (authority = RULIB)
author
Name (type = personal)
NamePart (type = family)
Kerkhof
NamePart (type = given)
Lee J
DisplayForm
Lee J Kerkhof
Affiliation
Advisory Committee
Role
RoleTerm (authority = RULIB)
chair
Name (type = personal)
NamePart (type = family)
Chant
NamePart (type = given)
Robert
DisplayForm
Robert Chant
Affiliation
Advisory Committee
Role
RoleTerm (authority = RULIB)
internal member
Name (type = personal)
NamePart (type = family)
Vetriani
NamePart (type = given)
Costantino
DisplayForm
Costantino Vetriani
Affiliation
Advisory Committee
Role
RoleTerm (authority = RULIB)
internal member
Name (type = personal)
NamePart (type = family)
Biddle
NamePart (type = given)
Jennifer F
DisplayForm
Jennifer F Biddle
Affiliation
Advisory Committee
Role
RoleTerm (authority = RULIB)
outside member
Name (type = personal)
NamePart (type = family)
Morin
NamePart (type = given)
Peter
DisplayForm
Peter Morin
Affiliation
Advisory Committee
Role
RoleTerm (authority = RULIB)
outside member
Name (type = corporate)
NamePart
Rutgers University
Role
RoleTerm (authority = RULIB)
degree grantor
Name (type = corporate)
NamePart
Graduate School - New Brunswick
Role
RoleTerm (authority = RULIB)
school
TypeOfResource
Text
Genre (authority = marcgt)
theses
OriginInfo
DateCreated (encoding = w3cdtf); (qualifier = exact)
2015
DateOther (qualifier = exact); (type = degree)
2015-10
CopyrightDate (encoding = w3cdtf); (qualifier = exact)
2015
Place
PlaceTerm (type = text)
xx
Language
LanguageTerm (authority = ISO639-2b); (type = code)
eng
Abstract (type = abstract)
Marine mesophilic archaea were discovered two decades ago. However, the role of these culture-resistant organisms in marine nutrient cycling and the nature of their relationship with bacteria have yet to be elucidated. Current thinking is that thaumarchaea may dominate ammonia oxidation in sediments and oxygen minimum zones, based on the ubiquity of archaeal ammmonium monooxygenase genes. Yet, ammonia-oxidation (or other forms of autotrophy/mixotrophy) may only represent a subset of the full metabolic capability of the phylum. The purpose of this Ph.D. research was to assess whether estuary and marine archaea are autotrophic or heterotrophic and if they compete with bacteria for the same electron donors and acceptors. Salt marsh sediments from a New Jersey state park were screened for heterotrophy using stable isotope probing, by amending with a single 13C-labeled compound (acetate, glycine, or urea), a complex 13C-biopolymer (lipids, proteins, or growth medium), or autotrophy using 13C-bicarbonate. 13C-labeled DNA was analyzed by TRFLP analysis of 16S rRNA genes. SIP analyses indicated salt marsh thaumarchaea and crenarchaea are heterotrophic, double within 2–3 days and often compete with heterotrophic bacteria for the same organic substrates. A clone library of 13C-amplicons was screened to find matches to the 13C-TRFLP peaks. Some of these archaea displayed a preference for particular carbon sources, whereas others incorporated nearly every 13C-substrate provided. Resource partitioning of proteins, and urea at low concentrations, was also observed. SIP was also performed in the open waters of the Sargasso Sea at multiple depths and latitudes, using 13C-labeled acetate, urea, and bicarbonate. In this environment, mixotrophy appeared to be the dominant metabolic strategy, though some heterotrophic OTUs (operational taxonomic units) were observed. No exclusively autotrophic OTUs were detected. Urea was also a competitive substrate in deep waters, with archaea outcompeting bacteria for its uptake in the majority of microcosms. Archaea-specific and bacteria-specific predators were detected via incorporation of 13C into eukaryotic OTUs. This research demonstrates the significance of organic carbon uptake and selective predation on the structuring of marine archaeal communities.
Subject (authority = RUETD)
Topic
Oceanography
Subject (authority = ETD-LCSH)
Topic
Archaebacteria
RelatedItem (type = host)
TitleInfo
Title
Rutgers University Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Identifier (type = RULIB)
ETD
Identifier
ETD_6607
PhysicalDescription
Form (authority = gmd)
electronic resource
InternetMediaType
application/pdf
InternetMediaType
text/xml
Extent
1 online resource (x, 112 p. : ill.)
Note (type = degree)
Ph.D.
Note (type = bibliography)
Includes bibliographical references
Note (type = statement of responsibility)
by Lauren Marie Seyler
RelatedItem (type = host)
TitleInfo
Title
Graduate School - New Brunswick Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Identifier (type = local)
rucore19991600001
Location
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NjNbRU
Identifier (type = doi)
doi:10.7282/T3N29ZZ7
Genre (authority = ExL-Esploro)
ETD doctoral
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Rights

RightsDeclaration (ID = rulibRdec0006)
The author owns the copyright to this work.
RightsHolder (type = personal)
Name
FamilyName
Seyler
GivenName
Lauren
MiddleName
Marie
Role
Copyright Holder
RightsEvent
Type
Permission or license
DateTime (encoding = w3cdtf); (qualifier = exact); (point = start)
2015-07-08 01:14:00
AssociatedEntity
Name
Lauren Seyler
Role
Copyright holder
Affiliation
Rutgers University. Graduate School - New Brunswick
AssociatedObject
Type
License
Name
Author Agreement License
Detail
I hereby grant to the Rutgers University Libraries and to my school the non-exclusive right to archive, reproduce and distribute my thesis or dissertation, in whole or in part, and/or my abstract, in whole or in part, in and from an electronic format, subject to the release date subsequently stipulated in this submittal form and approved by my school. I represent and stipulate that the thesis or dissertation and its abstract are my original work, that they do not infringe or violate any rights of others, and that I make these grants as the sole owner of the rights to my thesis or dissertation and its abstract. I represent that I have obtained written permissions, when necessary, from the owner(s) of each third party copyrighted matter to be included in my thesis or dissertation and will supply copies of such upon request by my school. I acknowledge that RU ETD and my school will not distribute my thesis or dissertation or its abstract if, in their reasonable judgment, they believe all such rights have not been secured. I acknowledge that I retain ownership rights to the copyright of my work. I also retain the right to use all or part of this thesis or dissertation in future works, such as articles or books.
RightsEvent
DateTime (encoding = w3cdtf); (qualifier = exact); (point = start)
2015-10-31
DateTime (encoding = w3cdtf); (qualifier = exact); (point = end)
2016-10-30
Type
Embargo
Detail
Access to this PDF has been restricted at the author's request. It will be publicly available after October 30th, 2016.
Copyright
Status
Copyright protected
Availability
Status
Open
Reason
Permission or license
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RULTechMD (ID = TECHNICAL1)
ContentModel
ETD
OperatingSystem (VERSION = 5.1)
windows xp
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