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Flammability limits of lithium-ion battery thermal runaway vent gas in air and the inerting effects of Halon 1301
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Karp, Matthew Eugene. Flammability limits of lithium-ion battery thermal runaway vent gas in air and the inerting effects of Halon 1301. Retrieved from https://doi.org/doi:10.7282/T38P62PJ

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TitleFlammability limits of lithium-ion battery thermal runaway vent gas in air and the inerting effects of Halon 1301
NameKarp, Matthew Eugene (author); Diez, Jaview (chair); Ochs, Robert (co-chair); Baruh, Haim (co-chair); Guo, Zhixiong (co-chair); Rutgers University; Graduate School - New Brunswick
Date Created2016
Other Date2016-05 (degree)
SubjectMechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Flame, Combustion, Lithium ion batteries
Extent1 online resource (xii, 74 p. : ill.)
DescriptionLithium-ion (rechargeable) and lithium-metal (non-rechargeable) battery cells put aircraft at risk of igniting and fueling fires. Lithium batteries can be packed in bulk and shipped in the cargo holds of freighter aircraft; currently lithium batteries are banned from bulk shipment on passenger aircraft [1]. The federally regulated Class C cargo compartment extinguishing system’s utilization of a 5 %vol Halon 1301 knockdown concentration and a sustained 3 %vol Halon 1301 may not be sufficient at inerting lithium-ion battery vent gas and air mixtures [2]. At 5 %vol Halon 1301 the flammability limits of lithium-ion premixed battery vent gas (Li-Ion pBVG) in air range from 13.80 %vol to 26.07 %vol Li-Ion pBVG. Testing suggests that 8.59 %vol Halon 1301 is required to render all ratios of the Li-Ion pBVG in air inert. The lower flammability limit (LFL) and upper flammability limit (UFL) of hydrogen and air mixtures are 4.95 %vol and 76.52 %vol hydrogen respectively. With the addition of 10 %vol and 20 %vol Halon 1301 the LFL is 9.02 %vol and 11.55 %vol hydrogen respectively and the UFL is 45.70 %vol and 28.39 %vol hydrogen respectively. The minimum inerting concentration (MIC) of Halon 1301 in hydrogen and air mixtures is 26.72 %vol Halon 1301 at 16.2 %vol hydrogen. The LFL and UFL of Li-Ion pBVG and air mixtures are 7.88 %vol and 37.14 %vol Li-Ion pBVG respectively. With the addition of 5 %vol, 7 %vol, and 8 %vol Halon 1301 the LFL is 13.80 %vol, 16.15 %vol, and 17.62 % vol Li-Ion pBVG respectively and the UFL is 26.07 %vol, 23.31 %vol, and 21.84 %vol Li-Ion pBVG respectively. The MIC of Halon 1301 in Li-Ion pBVG and air mixtures is 8.59 %vol Halon 1301 at 19.52 %vol Li-Ion pBVG. Le Chatelier’s mixing rule has been shown to be an effective measure for estimating the flammability limits of Li-Ion pBVGes. The LFL has a 1.79 % difference while the UFL has a 4.53 % difference. The state of charge (SOC) affects the flammability limits in an apparent parabolic manner, where the widest flammability limits are at or near 100 % SOC.
NoteM.S.
NoteIncludes bibliographical references
Noteby Matthew Eugene Karp
Genretheses, ETD graduate
Persistent URLhttps://doi.org/doi:10.7282/T38P62PJ
Languageeng
CollectionGraduate School - New Brunswick Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Organization NameRutgers, The State University of New Jersey
RightsThe author owns the copyright to this work.
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