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Reductive dechlorination of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins by dehalococcoides-enriched cultures from contaminated soils and sediments
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Dam, Hang Thuy. Reductive dechlorination of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins by dehalococcoides-enriched cultures from contaminated soils and sediments. Retrieved from https://doi.org/doi:10.7282/T3F1920Q

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TitleReductive dechlorination of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins by dehalococcoides-enriched cultures from contaminated soils and sediments
NameDam, Hang Thuy (author); Haggblom, Max M (chair); Kerkhof, Lee J (internal member); Fennell, Donna E (internal member); Rodenburg, Lisa A (outside member); Rutgers University; Graduate School - New Brunswick
Date Created2016
Other Date2016-10 (degree)
SubjectMicrobial Biology, Soil pollution
Extent1 online resource (xi, 166 p. : ill.)
DescriptionPolychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) are pervasive environmental pollutants and resistant in soil and sediment environments. Under anaerobic conditions, PCDDs can undergo reductive dechlorination which produces less chlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin congeners, these compounds are more susceptible to further degradation. The process is mediated by dehalogenating bacteria, some of which gain energy from the process by using PCDDs as terminal electron acceptors. The objective of our study was to use a conventional enrichment approach to enrich for dehalogenating bacteria, to investigate the PCDD dechlorination activity and the microbial community of enrichment cultures, and to investigate genomes of the abundant dehalogenating bacteria in enrichment cultures from metagenomics data of the corresponding enrichment cultures. PCDD dechlorination was observed in five sets of enrichment cultures established from Hackensack River sediments collected along the tidally influenced river, in which dechlorination activity was negatively affected by high salinity and high sulfate concentrations. Dechlorination activity was also recorded in enrichment cultures established from freshwater sediments of the Kymijoki River (Findland), a water reservoir (Vietnam), as well as from rice paddy soil (Vietnam). Reductive dechlorination of PCDDs was mediated by organohalide-respiring bacteria. PCDD dechlorinating anaerobic bacteria appeared to be ubiquitous, and their activity was observed in almost all enrichment cultures established using soils and sediments collected from sites of different contamination backgrounds. Dehalococcoides spp. were identified as the main bacterial species that couple dechlorination of PCDDs to growth. Genomes of two Dehalococcoides spp. were reconstructed from metagenomes of the Hackensack and the Kymijoki River enrichment cultures in which they were present at relatively high abundance. Comparative genome analysis suggested that a reductive dehalogenase cbrA ortholog is responsible for reductive dechlorination of 1,2,3,4-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin in a respiratory process. Genome analysis provided preliminary evidence for the function of reductive dehalogenases in PCDD dechlorination which have not been studied before due to the complex nutritional requirements and slow growth of Dehalococcoides spp.
NotePh.D.
NoteIncludes bibliographical references
Noteby Hang Thuy Dam
Genretheses, ETD doctoral
Persistent URLhttps://doi.org/doi:10.7282/T3F1920Q
Languageeng
CollectionGraduate School - New Brunswick Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Organization NameRutgers, The State University of New Jersey
RightsThe author owns the copyright to this work.
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