Staff View
Experimental modeling of salt flow subparallel to basement-involved faults

Descriptive

TitleInfo
Title
Experimental modeling of salt flow subparallel to basement-involved faults
SubTitle
influence of salt distribution and fault geometries in rift basins
Name (type = personal)
NamePart (type = family)
Needle
NamePart (type = given)
Mattathias David
NamePart (type = date)
1983-
DisplayForm
Mattathias David Needle
Role
RoleTerm (authority = RULIB)
author
Name (type = personal)
NamePart (type = family)
Schlische
NamePart (type = given)
Roy W.
DisplayForm
Roy W. Schlische
Affiliation
Advisory Committee
Role
RoleTerm (authority = RULIB)
chair
Name (type = personal)
NamePart (type = family)
Withjack
NamePart (type = given)
Martha O.
DisplayForm
Martha O. Withjack
Affiliation
Advisory Committee
Role
RoleTerm (authority = RULIB)
co-chair
Name (type = personal)
NamePart (type = family)
Monteverde
NamePart (type = given)
Donald H.
DisplayForm
Donald H. Monteverde
Affiliation
Advisory Committee
Role
RoleTerm (authority = RULIB)
internal member
Name (type = corporate)
NamePart
Rutgers University
Role
RoleTerm (authority = RULIB)
degree grantor
Name (type = corporate)
NamePart
Graduate School - New Brunswick
Role
RoleTerm (authority = RULIB)
school
TypeOfResource
Text
Genre (authority = marcgt)
theses
OriginInfo
DateCreated (qualifier = exact)
2016
DateOther (qualifier = exact); (type = degree)
2016-10
CopyrightDate (encoding = w3cdtf); (qualifier = exact)
2016
Place
PlaceTerm (type = code)
xx
Language
LanguageTerm (authority = ISO639-2b); (type = code)
eng
Abstract (type = abstract)
Rock salt exhibits highly ductile behavior at shallow crustal levels, and its presence profoundly affects the structural development of rift basins. Basement-involved normal faults strongly influence the initial thickness and distribution of the synrift salt. Subsequent deformation and deposition during and after rifting cause the salt to flow. This work uses experimental (analog) modeling to examine the secondary structures that develop in the sedimentary cover above synrift salt that flows subparallel to the strike of basement-involved faults. In the models, silicone polymer simulates salt, wet clay simulates the sedimentary cover, and rigid blocks represents basement-involved faults. Extension imposed at the base of the models causes the silicone polymer to flow subparallel to the rigid blocks. The models indicate that two zones of deformation form within the sedimentary cover: 1) a shear zone with oblique-slip faults that trends (sub)parallel to the strike of the underlying faults; and 2) an extensional domain with predominantly normal faults that strike (sub)perpendicular to the flow direction of the ductile unit. At the clay surface, some faults in the shear zone and extensional domain link, forming curved fault surfaces. The initial thickness and distribution of the highly ductile unit affect the development of secondary structures in the overlying cover. The thickness of the ductile unit controls the degree of decoupling between shallow and deep structures. Where the ductile unit is thick, the extensional domain and shear zone in the cover are broad, whereas where the ductile unit is thin, the extensional domain and shear zone in the cover are narrow and form directly above the deep structures. Varying the initial distribution of the ductile unit produces subsequent asymmetrical deformation in the overlying cover. The orientation of pre-existing faults, relative to the flow direction of the highly ductile unit, also has an influence on the development of secondary structures. When the flow of the ductile unit (relative to a pre-existing fault) produces highly oblique extension at depth, deformation is distributed broadly in the extensional domain, and the shear zone forms above and trends parallel to the pre-existing fault. However, when the flow of the ductile unit (relative to the pre-existing fault) produces highly oblique shortening at depth, 1) the trend of the shear zone in the cover is not parallel to the strike of the underlying pre-existing fault, and 2) secondary features in the extensional domain are muted in the cover. The latter suggests that the ductile unit distributes the deformation and, thus, subdues the expression of both shortening and extensional features at the surface. Comparisons of the modeling results in this thesis to the deformation in the Jeanne d’Arc basin of offshore Newfoundland, Canada, suggest that the synrift Argo Salt flowed parallel to the basin’s long-axis. The salt flow produced secondary structures in the sedimentary cover above the salt including trans-basin normal faults and shear zones above basement-involved faults.  
Subject (authority = RUETD)
Topic
Geological Sciences
Subject (authority = ETD-LCSH)
Topic
Faults (Geology)
Subject (authority = ETD-LCSH)
Topic
Salt
RelatedItem (type = host)
TitleInfo
Title
Rutgers University Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Identifier (type = RULIB)
ETD
Identifier
ETD_7528
PhysicalDescription
Form (authority = gmd)
electronic resource
InternetMediaType
application/pdf
InternetMediaType
text/xml
Extent
1 online resource (xii, 97 p. : ill.)
Note (type = degree)
M.S.
Note (type = bibliography)
Includes bibliographical references
Note (type = statement of responsibility)
by Mattathias David Needle
RelatedItem (type = host)
TitleInfo
Title
Graduate School - New Brunswick Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Identifier (type = local)
rucore19991600001
Location
PhysicalLocation (authority = marcorg); (displayLabel = Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey)
NjNbRU
Identifier (type = doi)
doi:10.7282/T34X5B31
Genre (authority = ExL-Esploro)
ETD graduate
Back to the top

Rights

RightsDeclaration (ID = rulibRdec0006)
The author owns the copyright to this work.
RightsHolder (type = personal)
Name
FamilyName
Needle
GivenName
Mattathias
MiddleName
David
Role
Copyright Holder
RightsEvent
Type
Permission or license
DateTime (encoding = w3cdtf); (qualifier = exact); (point = start)
2016-09-02 15:40:04
AssociatedEntity
Name
Mattathias Needle
Role
Copyright holder
Affiliation
Rutgers University. Graduate School - New Brunswick
AssociatedObject
Type
License
Name
Author Agreement License
Detail
I hereby grant to the Rutgers University Libraries and to my school the non-exclusive right to archive, reproduce and distribute my thesis or dissertation, in whole or in part, and/or my abstract, in whole or in part, in and from an electronic format, subject to the release date subsequently stipulated in this submittal form and approved by my school. I represent and stipulate that the thesis or dissertation and its abstract are my original work, that they do not infringe or violate any rights of others, and that I make these grants as the sole owner of the rights to my thesis or dissertation and its abstract. I represent that I have obtained written permissions, when necessary, from the owner(s) of each third party copyrighted matter to be included in my thesis or dissertation and will supply copies of such upon request by my school. I acknowledge that RU ETD and my school will not distribute my thesis or dissertation or its abstract if, in their reasonable judgment, they believe all such rights have not been secured. I acknowledge that I retain ownership rights to the copyright of my work. I also retain the right to use all or part of this thesis or dissertation in future works, such as articles or books.
Copyright
Status
Copyright protected
Availability
Status
Open
Reason
Permission or license
Back to the top

Technical

RULTechMD (ID = TECHNICAL1)
ContentModel
ETD
OperatingSystem (VERSION = 5.1)
windows xp
CreatingApplication
Version
1.6
DateCreated (point = end); (encoding = w3cdtf); (qualifier = exact)
2016-09-02T10:43:21
DateCreated (point = end); (encoding = w3cdtf); (qualifier = exact)
2016-09-02T10:43:21
ApplicationName
Acrobat 11.0.17
Back to the top
Version 8.5.5
Rutgers University Libraries - Copyright ©2024