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Impact of dietary macronutrients on obesity in different US adult ethnic subpopulations
Descriptive
TitleInfo
Title
Impact of dietary macronutrients on obesity in different US adult ethnic subpopulations
Name
(type = personal)
NamePart
(type = family)
Yeboah-Afihene
NamePart
(type = given)
Kwasi
NamePart
(type = date)
1965-
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Kwasi Yeboah-Afihene
Role
RoleTerm
(authority = RULIB)
author
Name
(type = personal)
NamePart
(type = family)
Srinivasan
NamePart
(type = given)
Dr. Shankar
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Dr. Shankar Srinivasan
Affiliation
Advisory Committee
Role
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(authority = RULIB)
chair
Name
(type = personal)
NamePart
(type = family)
Coffman
NamePart
(type = given)
Dr. Fredrick
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Dr. Fredrick Coffman
Affiliation
Advisory Committee
Role
RoleTerm
(authority = RULIB)
internal member
Name
(type = personal)
NamePart
(type = family)
Haque
NamePart
(type = given)
Dr. Syed
DisplayForm
Dr. Syed Haque
Affiliation
Advisory Committee
Role
RoleTerm
(authority = RULIB)
internal member
Name
(type = corporate)
NamePart
Rutgers University
Role
RoleTerm
(authority = RULIB)
degree grantor
Name
(type = corporate)
NamePart
School of Health Professions
Role
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(authority = RULIB)
school
TypeOfResource
Text
Genre
(authority = marcgt)
theses
OriginInfo
DateCreated
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2017
DateOther
(qualifier = exact);
(type = degree)
2017-01
CopyrightDate
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2017
Place
PlaceTerm
(type = code)
xx
Language
LanguageTerm
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(type = code)
eng
Abstract
(type = abstract)
BACKGROUND: How we manage our energy intake and usage is very crucial to the obesity phenomenon. The body gets its energy supply from the macronutrients we consume, which are primarily, proteins, carbohydrates, fats, fibers and sugars. Their effect of on various US subpopulations so far as obesity and weight management is concerned has not been adequately explored in literature. GOALS AND OBJECTIVES: Our main objective is to assist physicians in advising their patients on functional diets with relatively appropriate amounts of specific macronutrients for proper weight management. METHOD: The study followed a retrospective, quantitative and correlational design which sought to examine the relationships between variables. Two NHANES dataset cycles were analyzed, NHANES 2009-2010 and 2011-2012. The youth and children below age 19 were excluded with pregnant women as well. The hypotheses were tested with hierarchical logistic regression models and Wald’s test. RESULTS: Different macronutrient compositions appeared to be associated with different levels of risk for obesity, Wald = 8.081, p < 0.01. Amongst the macronutrients fiber appeared to be associated with lowest obesity risk, with β = -0.012, OR = 0.988, OR 95% CI (0.978, 0.998), p < 0.05. Sugar also had an inverse or negative relationship with β = -0.002, OR=0.998, OR 95% CI (0.996, 0.999), p < 0.05. Fat, carbohydrate and protein were positively associated to obesity however their level of significance or probabilities of occurrences were not within 95% confidence level, their beta values were respectively; β = 0.002, β = 0.001, β = 0.001. It was also observed that none of the macronutrients affected the various ethnic subpopulations differently. [Protein Wald = 2.32, p = 0.12, Carbohydrate Wald = 1.93, p = 0.17, Fiber Wald = 2.18, p = 0.13, Fat Wald =1.01, p = 0.45, and Sugar Wald = 2.86, p = 0.08]. CONCLUSION: High fiber diet has numerous health benefits, which include weight management benefits. Also sugar can be part of a functional diet, though has to be used in moderation due to its health risks other than obesity. The difference in the prevalence of obesity amongst various US ethnic subpopulations may be due to factors other than any anatomical or physiological differences.
Subject
(authority = RUETD)
Topic
Biomedical Informatics
RelatedItem
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TitleInfo
Title
Rutgers University Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Identifier
(type = RULIB)
ETD
Identifier
ETD_7747
PhysicalDescription
Form
(authority = gmd)
electronic resource
InternetMediaType
application/pdf
InternetMediaType
text/xml
Extent
1 online resource (xii, 125 p. : ill.)
Note
(type = degree)
Ph.D.
Note
(type = bibliography)
Includes bibliographical references
Subject
(authority = ETD-LCSH)
Topic
Obesity--United States
Subject
(authority = ETD-LCSH)
Topic
Nutrition
Note
(type = statement of responsibility)
by Kwasi Yeboah-Afihene
RelatedItem
(type = host)
TitleInfo
Title
School of Health Related Professions ETD Collection
Identifier
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rucore10007400001
Location
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(displayLabel = Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey)
NjNbRU
Identifier
(type = doi)
doi:10.7282/T3GT5QMC
Genre
(authority = ExL-Esploro)
ETD doctoral
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Rights
RightsDeclaration
(ID = rulibRdec0006)
The author owns the copyright to this work.
RightsHolder
(type = personal)
Name
FamilyName
Yeboah-Afihene
GivenName
Kwasi
Role
Copyright Holder
RightsEvent
Type
Permission or license
DateTime
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(qualifier = exact);
(point = start)
2016-10-12 14:49:08
AssociatedEntity
Name
Kwasi Yeboah-Afihene
Role
Copyright holder
Affiliation
Rutgers University. School of Health Professions
AssociatedObject
Type
License
Name
Author Agreement License
Detail
I hereby grant to the Rutgers University Libraries and to my school the non-exclusive right to archive, reproduce and distribute my thesis or dissertation, in whole or in part, and/or my abstract, in whole or in part, in and from an electronic format, subject to the release date subsequently stipulated in this submittal form and approved by my school. I represent and stipulate that the thesis or dissertation and its abstract are my original work, that they do not infringe or violate any rights of others, and that I make these grants as the sole owner of the rights to my thesis or dissertation and its abstract. I represent that I have obtained written permissions, when necessary, from the owner(s) of each third party copyrighted matter to be included in my thesis or dissertation and will supply copies of such upon request by my school. I acknowledge that RU ETD and my school will not distribute my thesis or dissertation or its abstract if, in their reasonable judgment, they believe all such rights have not been secured. I acknowledge that I retain ownership rights to the copyright of my work. I also retain the right to use all or part of this thesis or dissertation in future works, such as articles or books.
Copyright
Status
Copyright protected
Availability
Status
Open
Reason
Permission or license
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