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Ocean circulation and geomagnetic influences on the atmospheric 14C record spanning the past 50,000 years from u-th and 14C dated fossil corals
Descriptive
TitleInfo
Title
Ocean circulation and geomagnetic influences on the atmospheric 14C record spanning the past 50,000 years from u-th and 14C dated fossil corals
Name
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Mortlock
NamePart
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Richard Andrew
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Richard Andrew Mortlock
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(authority = RULIB)
author
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(type = personal)
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(type = family)
Wright
NamePart
(type = given)
James D
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James D Wright
Affiliation
Advisory Committee
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chair
Name
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Rutgers University
Role
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degree grantor
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NamePart
Graduate School - New Brunswick
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school
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Text
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theses
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2017
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2017-05
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2017
Place
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xx
Language
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eng
Abstract
(type = abstract)
The radiocarbon content (14C) of the atmosphere is primarily controlled by changes in production, regulated by solar output and shielding in the earth’s magnetic field, further influenced by changes in ocean circulation. Fossil corals provide an excellent archive for reconstructing past changes in the 14C/12C atmospheric ratio (Δ14C) because both the 14C age and the calendar age, determined by U-series dating methods, can be obtained from the same sample. This is a requirement for computing accurate estimates of Δ14C. Accuracy in coral Δ14C records, however, requires that corrections be made for the age offset between the surface water in which the coral grew and the contemporaneous atmosphere, called the marine reservoir age correction. In this study the marine reservoir correction is calculated for tropical Atlantic (Barbados) and Pacific (Kiritimati Atoll and Araki Island) corals to generate a record of Δ14C from 50 to 7 thousand years before present (kyr BP). Atlantic and Pacific coral Δ14C data precisely match the timing and amplitude changes predicted in ocean-atmosphere coupled models demonstrating shutdown of North Atlantic Deep Water (NADW) at the start of the Younger Dryas cold interval (12.9 kyr BP) lowers the 14C age of Atlantic surface water. A sharp decline in coral Δ14C at 14.7 kyr BP coincides with proxy evidence for switch on of NADW. Taken together, these records provide credible evidence linking changes in NADW production to changes in the 14C content of the atmosphere. In contrast to 15 to 7 kyr BP when changes in Δ14C largely reflect production changes in North Atlantic Deep Water, prominent features in Δ14C from 50 to 15 kyr BP are due to the long-term effects of increased production of atmospheric 14C during a weakened geomagnetic field at the time of the Laschamp (41 kyr BP) and Mono Lake (31.5 kyr BP) excursions. Removing the excess 14C produced in the atmosphere during excursion events from the Δ14C record effectively removes the rapid Δ14C decline during the “Mystery Interval” (17.5 to 14.5 kyr BP) that has been widely attributed to release of 14C-depleted CO2 during ventilation of the deep ocean.
Subject
(authority = RUETD)
Topic
Geological Sciences
Subject
(authority = ETD-LCSH)
Topic
Ocean circulation
Subject
(authority = ETD-LCSH)
Topic
Carbon--Isotopes
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Rutgers University Electronic Theses and Dissertations
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ETD_8061
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electronic resource
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1 online resource (xvi, 241 p. : ill.)
Note
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Ph.D.
Note
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Includes bibliographical references
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by Richard Andrew Mortlock
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Title
Graduate School - New Brunswick Electronic Theses and Dissertations
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rucore19991600001
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NjNbRU
Identifier
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doi:10.7282/T3QZ2DTR
Genre
(authority = ExL-Esploro)
ETD doctoral
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Rights
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The author owns the copyright to this work.
RightsHolder
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Name
FamilyName
Mortlock
GivenName
Richard
MiddleName
Andrew
Role
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Type
Permission or license
DateTime
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2017-04-16 11:10:04
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Richard Mortlock
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Affiliation
Rutgers University. Graduate School - New Brunswick
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Author Agreement License
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I hereby grant to the Rutgers University Libraries and to my school the non-exclusive right to archive, reproduce and distribute my thesis or dissertation, in whole or in part, and/or my abstract, in whole or in part, in and from an electronic format, subject to the release date subsequently stipulated in this submittal form and approved by my school. I represent and stipulate that the thesis or dissertation and its abstract are my original work, that they do not infringe or violate any rights of others, and that I make these grants as the sole owner of the rights to my thesis or dissertation and its abstract. I represent that I have obtained written permissions, when necessary, from the owner(s) of each third party copyrighted matter to be included in my thesis or dissertation and will supply copies of such upon request by my school. I acknowledge that RU ETD and my school will not distribute my thesis or dissertation or its abstract if, in their reasonable judgment, they believe all such rights have not been secured. I acknowledge that I retain ownership rights to the copyright of my work. I also retain the right to use all or part of this thesis or dissertation in future works, such as articles or books.
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2017-05-31
DateTime
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2017-11-30
Type
Embargo
Detail
Access to this PDF has been restricted at the author's request. It will be publicly available after November 30th, 2017.
Copyright
Status
Copyright protected
Availability
Status
Open
Reason
Permission or license
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