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theses

Diabetes mellitus is a severe metabolic disorder due to either the inefficient use of the insulin or the pancreas dysfunction. From the data from World Health Organization (WHO), 422 million adults are suffering from diabetes, which means one in eleven people have diabetes. Typically, there are two types of diabetes mellitus: Type 1 diabetes (T1DM) and Type 2 diabetes (T2DM), and one especially type of diabetes mellitus: gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), which is specific to the pregnancy period, and the condition usually disappears after pregnancy. Recently, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has become a widespread, epidemic disease, especially in developing countries. Herbal remedies are traditional for T2DM treatment. In this research, three traditional remedies were chosen: Khaya Senegalensis (11L), Anacardium Occidentale (12M), and Moringa Oleifera (13N), which have traditionally been used as herbal remedies for T2DM management in some countries for an extended period. Unfortunately, the specific biologically active compounds for the T2DM treatment have not been identified and evaluated. The purpose of this research was to identify antidiabetic secondary metabolites of those three species.
Since T2DM is commonly accompanied by hypertension and obesity, Antihypertensive agents and anti-obesity agents were also checked. I hypothesize that only one or only small groups of compounds (drugs) in those plants play a significant role in T2DM management. To test this hypothesis, extraction ion chromatogram (EIC) was used to identify the presence or absence of antidiabetic agents, antihypertensive agents, and anti-obesity agents based on the in-house Drug Library. Methanol+1% Acetic Acid was used to as the extraction method to extract compounds from crushed seeds, which have the great ability to reduce glucose levels in C57BL/6J mice from the previous work for this project. One hundred and eighty-five compounds were identified through HPLC/MS data analysis and acquisition from the previous analysis. The results showed that 11L contains three antidiabetic agents: NVP-DPP728, Voglibose, and Acetohexamide. Also, four antidiabetic agents were dissected and identified in 12M: A-769662, Acadesine, Voglibose, and Acetohexamide. There was any antidiabetic agent identified in 13N, but an Angiotensin II Receptor Blocker (ARB) was identified, which are a class of drugs used to manage hypertension, heart failure, and kidney failure, in 13N: ZD-6888. Also, 12M contains two β- blockers which are already approved drugs to control blood pressure by FDA: Carteolol and Nipradilol. Unfortunately, any anti-obesity agent was identified based on the in-house drug library.

ETD_9237

M.S.

Includes bibliographical references

by Yajing Liu

doi:10.7282/T34J0JPF

ETD graduate

The author owns the copyright to this work.