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Co-selection of metal and antibiotic resistance in the gut microbial community of the Mummichog fish (Fundulus heteroclitus)
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Lloyd, Nicole A.. Co-selection of metal and antibiotic resistance in the gut microbial community of the Mummichog fish (Fundulus heteroclitus). Retrieved from https://doi.org/doi:10.7282/t3-nqxf-q909

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TitleCo-selection of metal and antibiotic resistance in the gut microbial community of the Mummichog fish (Fundulus heteroclitus)
NameLloyd, Nicole A. (author); Barkay, Tamar (chair); Fahrenfeld, Nicole (internal member); Zylstra, Gerben (internal member); Nazaret, Sylvie (outside member); Rutgers University; School of Graduate Studies
Date Created2018
Other Date2018-10 (degree)
SubjectMicrobial Biology, Drug resistance in microorganisms
Extent1 online resource (141 pages) : illustrations
DescriptionMicrobial resistance to antibiotics is one of the most pressing health care concerns we are currently facing. Antibiotic resistance can be selected for by metals through the process known as co-selection. Co-selection occurs through two primary mechanisms: i) co-resistance, when genes encoding both are located together in the genome and ii), cross-resistance, when the same mechanism provides resistance to both (e.g. efflux pump proteins). This thesis describes co-selection in the gut microbiota of a forage feeder fish, the mummichog (Fundulus heteroclitus). By comparing gut microbiota from fish from a mercury contaminated site and a relatively clean site, we established the mummichog gut as a reservoir of antibiotic and mercury resistant microbiota. We further examined three representative isolates with interesting antibiotic and metal resistant profiles. Genome analyses revealed few instance of co-resistance, and instead, presented various chromosomally-encoded resistance genes, including some of public health concern, (i.e. a blaOXA carbapenemase), and contributions from cross-resistance. All three organisms contained a large number of efflux pump proteins, including multiple RND efflux pump operons. Testing of the strains shows that RND efflux pumps may be involved in resistance to several classes of drugs. A transcriptomic study is in progress to understand the regulation of arsenate resistance and the potential involvement of RND efflux pumps under metal stress. Together, this work describes the abundance and inventory of antibiotic resistance genes and mechanisms in the mummichog gut microbiome and establishes the fish gut as a reservoir of such genes. This work further adds to the understanding of the role of RND efflux pumps in resistance to antibiotics, which is critical in understanding multi-drug resistance in Gram negative bacteria. 
NotePh.D.
NoteIncludes bibliographical references
Noteby Nicole A. Lloyd
Genretheses, ETD doctoral
Persistent URLhttps://doi.org/doi:10.7282/t3-nqxf-q909
Languageeng
CollectionSchool of Graduate Studies Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Organization NameRutgers, The State University of New Jersey
RightsThe author owns the copyright to this work.
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