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Effect of Staphylococcal enterotoxin A and tumor necrosis factor alpha on exploratory behaviors toward novel stimuli
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Chang, Qing. Effect of Staphylococcal enterotoxin A and tumor necrosis factor alpha on exploratory behaviors toward novel stimuli. Retrieved from https://doi.org/doi:10.7282/t3-0pzt-nt17

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TitleEffect of Staphylococcal enterotoxin A and tumor necrosis factor alpha on exploratory behaviors toward novel stimuli
NameChang, Qing (author); Kusnecov, Alexander (chair); Wagner, George (internal member); Matzel, Louis (internal member); Anisman, Hymie (outside member); Rutgers University; School of Graduate Studies
Date Created2019
Other Date2019-05 (degree)
SubjectSEA, Psychology, Staphylococcal infections, Tumor necrosis factor
Extent1 online resource (xi, 126 pages) : illustrations
DescriptionStaphylococcal enterotoxin A (SEA) is a superantigen that stimulates T cells. It has well-characterized neurobiological and endocrine effects, which have been shown to rely on the cytokine, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα). We tested the effect of SEA and TNFα on mouse exploratory behavior toward a novel stimulus using multiple protocols. To test the effects of SEA challenge, novel object stimuli with and without a familiar object were presented to male C57BL/6 mice, and the mice were given one or more days to explore the familiar object before the test. When exposed to a novel object together with a familiar object, SEA-challenged mice displayed more immobile episodes and duration when observing the novel object. However, when the animals were given multiple trials to explore the novel object, the increased immobility was reduced. When the animals were tested in a different procedure involving a larger open field apparatus without the presence of the familiar object, mice showed less exploration to the novel object when treated with SEA. This was observed to be age-dependent, with older mice (10 months) showing a greater effect relative to younger mice (3 months). SEA stimulates T-cells and increases the level of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α). Consequently, we conducted additional experiments in which the effects of central TNFα infusion was tested in a series of conditions looking at an object, food and social mate novelty. The results showed that TNF-α increased the exploratory behavior in the open field with the presence of a novel object, and decreased exploration and consumption of a novel diet. Overall, it was concluded that TNF-α, a major cytokine released in response to T-cell activation by SEA, affects the exploratory behavior of mice in multiple dimensions. Future studies should determine whether SEA effects involve TNF actions operating within the brain.
NotePh.D.
NoteIncludes bibliographical references
Genretheses, ETD doctoral
Persistent URLhttps://doi.org/doi:10.7282/t3-0pzt-nt17
LanguageEnglish
CollectionSchool of Graduate Studies Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Organization NameRutgers, The State University of New Jersey
RightsThe author owns the copyright to this work.
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