DescriptionThis study tested for a relation between risk and child executive function (EF) in an urban preschool sample. I hypothesized there would be a quadratic relation, a negative relation between adversity scores and EF performance at lower levels of adversity, and a positive relation between adversity scores and EF performance at higher levels of adversity. Participants were 39 children ranging in age from three to five years old. Tasks from the NIH Toolbox, Head-Toes-Knees-Shoulders, Forward Digit Span, and a variety of questionnaires on cumulative risk indexed EF and risk, respectively. Pearson correlations and multiple regression analysis tested for relations. Multiple regression analyses controlled for age, sex, and race/ethnicity. Additional post-hoc models further controlled for internalizing factors, externalizing/ADHD factors, and time of day. Age significantly related to EF in all models, but risk did not. The current study did not find support for either a quadratic or positive relation between risk and EF. I discuss both limitations and directions for future research.