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Synthesis of borosilicate gels with phenyl modifications and its effects on proton conductivity
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TitleInfo
Title
Synthesis of borosilicate gels with phenyl modifications and its effects on proton conductivity
Name
(type = personal)
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Tumuluri
NamePart
(type = given)
Anirudh
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(type = date)
1995-
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Anirudh Tumuluri
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author
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Mann
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Adrian
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Adrian Mann
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Advisory Committee
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chair
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KLEIN
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LISA C
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LISA C KLEIN
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Advisory Committee
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internal member
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Garofalini
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Stephen
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Stephen Garofalini
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Advisory Committee
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(authority = RULIB)
internal member
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Goel
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Ashutosh
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Ashutosh Goel
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Advisory Committee
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(authority = RULIB)
internal member
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Rutgers University
Role
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(authority = RULIB)
degree grantor
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School of Graduate Studies
Role
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school
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Text
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theses
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2019
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2019-10
Language
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(type = text)
English
Abstract
(type = abstract)
Silicon alkoxides with boron alkoxides or boric acid were used to prepare borosilicate xerogels. Nitric acid was used to promote the hydrolysis of the silicon alkoxides, tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS) and phenyltriethoxysilane (PhTES). Triethyl borate (TEB) and boric acid were the source of boron in the gels. The compositions were: 85 wt. % TEOS - 15 wt. % TEB, 80 wt. % TEOS - 15 wt. % TEB - 5 wt. % PhTES, 75 wt. % TEOS - 15 wt. % TEB, 10 wt. % PhTES, 85 wt. % TEOS - 15 wt. % Boric Acid, 80 wt. % TEOS - 15 wt. % Boric Acid - 5 wt. % PhTES and 75 wt. % TEOS - 15 wt. % Boric Acid, 10 wt. % PhTES.
Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) were performed to investigate the loss of weight and heat flows in the gels as a function of temperature. The weight loss and the energy absorbed during the endothermic peak decreased with the increasing PhTES content. Gels made from TEB show lower weight losses and enthalpy changes compared to similar gels made from boric acid.
X-Ray Diffraction was performed for phase identification and to determine the amount of crystallinity in the gels. The diffraction patterns contained peaks that were attributed to boric acid precipitates, which occurred in all the gels. Increase in PhTES decreased the amount of crystallinity in the gels. Gels made from TEB show lower amounts of crystallinity compared to similar gels made from boric acid.
Moisture adsorption-desorption was performed to investigate the water retention capabilities of the gels. The increases in PhTES content decreased the water retained in the gels. Adsorption values of the gels made from TEB and boric acid are comparable, but the mass loss due to desorption are higher for the gels synthesized from boric acid.
Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) was performed to measure the proton conductivity of the gels. The increase in PhTES content reduces the proton conductivity slightly. Proton conductivity is dependent on the number of protons and number of sites available for hopping of protons. The phenyl in PhTES decreased the number of protons and sites. Gels prepared from TEB show higher proton conductivity compared to same gels made from boric acid.
Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) were performed to investigate the loss of weight and heat flows in the gels as a function of temperature. The weight loss and the energy absorbed during the endothermic peak decreased with the increasing PhTES content. Gels made from TEB show lower weight losses and enthalpy changes compared to similar gels made from boric acid.
X-Ray Diffraction was performed for phase identification and to determine the amount of crystallinity in the gels. The diffraction patterns contained peaks that were attributed to boric acid precipitates, which occurred in all the gels. Increase in PhTES decreased the amount of crystallinity in the gels. Gels made from TEB show lower amounts of crystallinity compared to similar gels made from boric acid.
Moisture adsorption-desorption was performed to investigate the water retention capabilities of the gels. The increases in PhTES content decreased the water retained in the gels. Adsorption values of the gels made from TEB and boric acid are comparable, but the mass loss due to desorption are higher for the gels synthesized from boric acid.
Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) was performed to measure the proton conductivity of the gels. The increase in PhTES content reduces the proton conductivity slightly. Proton conductivity is dependent on the number of protons and number of sites available for hopping of protons. The phenyl in PhTES decreased the number of protons and sites. Gels prepared from TEB show higher proton conductivity compared to same gels made from boric acid.
Subject
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Topic
Materials Science and Engineering
Subject
(authority = local)
Topic
Sol-gel process
Subject
(authority = LCSH)
Topic
Silica gel
RelatedItem
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Rutgers University Electronic Theses and Dissertations
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ETD_10257
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1 online resource (ix, 81 pages) : illustrations
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M.S.
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Includes bibliographical references
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School of Graduate Studies Electronic Theses and Dissertations
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rucore10001600001
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NjNbRU
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doi:10.7282/t3-15a9-vc57
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ETD graduate
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The author owns the copyright to this work.
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Name
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Tumuluri
GivenName
Anirudh
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Permission or license
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2019-09-17 14:00:49
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Anirudh Tumuluri
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Affiliation
Rutgers University. School of Graduate Studies
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I hereby grant to the Rutgers University Libraries and to my school the non-exclusive right to archive, reproduce and distribute my thesis or dissertation, in whole or in part, and/or my abstract, in whole or in part, in and from an electronic format, subject to the release date subsequently stipulated in this submittal form and approved by my school. I represent and stipulate that the thesis or dissertation and its abstract are my original work, that they do not infringe or violate any rights of others, and that I make these grants as the sole owner of the rights to my thesis or dissertation and its abstract. I represent that I have obtained written permissions, when necessary, from the owner(s) of each third party copyrighted matter to be included in my thesis or dissertation and will supply copies of such upon request by my school. I acknowledge that RU ETD and my school will not distribute my thesis or dissertation or its abstract if, in their reasonable judgment, they believe all such rights have not been secured. I acknowledge that I retain ownership rights to the copyright of my work. I also retain the right to use all or part of this thesis or dissertation in future works, such as articles or books.
Copyright
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Copyright protected
Availability
Status
Open
Reason
Permission or license
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2019-09-19T15:41:05
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2019-09-19T15:41:05
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