Home
Resource
Regulation of sister centromere fusion and meiotic spindle assembly in Drosophila oocytes
PDF
PDF format is widely accepted and good for printing.
Plug-in required
PDF-1(4.40 MB)
Citation & Export
View Usage Statistics
Staff View

Citation & Export
Hide

Simple citation

Wang, Lin-Ing. Regulation of sister centromere fusion and meiotic spindle assembly in Drosophila oocytes. Retrieved from https://doi.org/doi:10.7282/t3-8p8g-4g68

Export

Click here for information about Citation Management Tools at Rutgers.

Statistics
Hide

Description

TitleRegulation of sister centromere fusion and meiotic spindle assembly in Drosophila oocytes
NameWang, Lin-Ing (author); Mckim, Kim (chair); Steward, Ruth (internal member); Schindler, Karen (internal member); Walworth, Nancy (outside member); Rutgers University; School of Graduate Studies
Date Created2019
Other Date2019-10 (degree)
SubjectCell and Developmental Biology, Spindle assembly, Drosophila -- Genetics, Spindle (Cell division)
Extent1 online resource (x, 103 pages) : illustrations
DescriptionAccurate meiotic chromosome segregation prevents aneuploidy that can cause developmental problems and lead to infertility. The majority of errors causing aneuploidy in gametes are maternal in origin due to several innate differences in female meiosis. In contrast to mitosis and male meiosis, bi-polar spindles in female meiosis are assembled in the absence of centrosomes. Instead, the chromosomes direct bi-polar spindle assembly. Abnormalities in spindle formation or structure can cause non-disjunction of the chromosomes. To understand the mechanisms of proper chromosome segregation in female meiosis, I focused on sister centromere cohesion and spindle assembly in Drosophila oocytes. One important mechanism for proper chromosome segregation in meiosis is that the sister chromatids co-orient via sister centromere fusion, resulting in microtubule attachment to a shared spindle pole. This phenomenon is unique to meiosis I, and is well-studied in budding and fission yeast, it remains unclear how it is regulated in other organisms.

Previously our lab has identified two proteins that are required for sister centromere fusion. I characterized these two genes and surprisingly found they regulate sister centromere fusion by two different mechanisms. SPC105R, a kinetochore protein, regulates centromere fusion by recruiting proteins that protect cohesins. Protein phosphatase 1 (PP1), on the other hand, regulates this phenomenon through antagonizing proteins that stabilize microtubule attachment. The latter result suggests that stable microtubule attachment in metaphase I is the prerequisite to release sister centromere fusion without cohesin removal before metaphase II.

The chromosomal passenger complex (CPC) has four subunits (INCENP, Aurora B, Borealin and Survivin/Deterin) and it is essential for spindle assembly in Drosophila oocytes. I made several separation-of-function mutations within the Incenp subunit of the CPC and found that interactions with Heterochromatin Protein 1 (HP1) are key to direct CPC-dependent spindle assembly in oocytes. HP1 firstly recruits the CPC to chromosomes through interacting with Borealin, and this interaction is also required for building the central spindle, the central overlap region of the microtubules. Additionally, I found evidence that HP1 interacts directly with INCENP within the central spindle in oocytes to promote homologous chromosome bi-orientation. These results give rise to a model where HP1 could be a novel CPC targeting subunit and reveals a mechanism for how the CPC mediates chromosome-mediated spindle assembly.
NotePh.D.
NoteIncludes bibliographical references
Genretheses, ETD doctoral
Persistent URLhttps://doi.org/doi:10.7282/t3-8p8g-4g68
LanguageEnglish
CollectionSchool of Graduate Studies Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Organization NameRutgers, The State University of New Jersey
RightsThe author owns the copyright to this work.
Version 8.5.5
Rutgers University Libraries - Copyright ©2024