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Stratospheric black carbon injections and climate variability
Descriptive
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Title
Stratospheric black carbon injections and climate variability
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Coupe
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Joshua
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1995
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Joshua Coupe
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author
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Robock
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Alan
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Alan Robock
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Advisory Committee
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chair
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Xia
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Lili
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Lili Xia
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Advisory Committee
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internal member
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Lintner
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Benjamin
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Benjamin Lintner
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Advisory Committee
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internal member
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Toon
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Owen B
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Owen B Toon
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Advisory Committee
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Rutgers University
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degree grantor
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School of Graduate Studies
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Text
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theses
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External ETD doctoral
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2020
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2020-10
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English
Abstract
The climate impacts of smoke from fires ignited by nuclear war would include global cooling and crop failure. Previous efforts to model the climate impact of nuclear war have used a simplified representation of the aerosols that would be generated by massive fire storms. Here, I examine six nuclear war scenario simulations using an Earth system model that includes the growth of black carbon aerosols for the first time. I show that including aerosol growth processes reduces the residence time of soot aerosols, but the magnitude of global climate impacts are not reduced and a “nuclear winter” can be expected following a nuclear war scenario where 150 Tg of soot is injected into the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere. I show an El Niño-like response is robust across all nuclear war simulations for up to seven years. I employ sensitivity tests with the same climate model to understand the mechanisms behind the response, showing that the cooling of the Maritime Continent, cooling of tropical Africa, and the equatorward shift of the Intertropical Convergence Zone can all contribute to the El Niño-like state. Finally, I investigate the response of the Northern Hemisphere wintertime circulation to soot aerosol injection through variations to the stratospheric polar vortex and surface Arctic Oscillation response. I conduct another sensitivity experiment to isolate the role of a tropospheric and stratospheric pathway for stratospheric polar vortex strengthening. I show that surface cooling can cause an acceleration of the Northern Hemisphere wintertime stratospheric polar vortex that is statistically significant compared to the non-perturbed climatology, but which is only a fraction of what occurs in a model simulation that includes aerosol heating. The dynamics responsible for influencing the modes of climate variability examined here are applicable for the response to volcanic eruptions, asteroid impact events, and geoengineering experiments involving stratospheric aerosols.
Subject
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Topic
Nuclear winter
Subject
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Topic
Atmospheric Science
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Rutgers University Electronic Theses and Dissertations
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ETD_11087
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Extent
1 online resource (viii, 104 pages)
Note
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Ph.D.
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Includes bibliographical references
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School of Graduate Studies Electronic Theses and Dissertations
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rucore10001600001
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NjNbRU
Identifier
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doi:10.7282/t3-0yz7-zj75
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Rights
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The author owns the copyright to this work.
RightsHolder
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Name
FamilyName
Coupe
GivenName
Joshua
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Permission or license
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2020-08-17 16:45:54
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Joshua Coupe
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Rutgers University. School of Graduate Studies
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Author Agreement License
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I hereby grant to the Rutgers University Libraries and to my school the non-exclusive right to archive, reproduce and distribute my thesis or dissertation, in whole or in part, and/or my abstract, in whole or in part, in and from an electronic format, subject to the release date subsequently stipulated in this submittal form and approved by my school. I represent and stipulate that the thesis or dissertation and its abstract are my original work, that they do not infringe or violate any rights of others, and that I make these grants as the sole owner of the rights to my thesis or dissertation and its abstract. I represent that I have obtained written permissions, when necessary, from the owner(s) of each third party copyrighted matter to be included in my thesis or dissertation and will supply copies of such upon request by my school. I acknowledge that RU ETD and my school will not distribute my thesis or dissertation or its abstract if, in their reasonable judgment, they believe all such rights have not been secured. I acknowledge that I retain ownership rights to the copyright of my work. I also retain the right to use all or part of this thesis or dissertation in future works, such as articles or books.
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2020-10-31
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2021-05-02
Detail
Access to this PDF has been restricted at the author's request. It will be publicly available after May 2nd, 2021.
Copyright
Status
Copyright protected
Availability
Status
Open
Reason
Permission or license
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