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Transcranial alternating current stimulation modulates visual adaptation and visuospatial attention
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Liu, Yinghua. Transcranial alternating current stimulation modulates visual adaptation and visuospatial attention. Retrieved from https://doi.org/doi:10.7282/t3-tcd1-7973

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TitleTranscranial alternating current stimulation modulates visual adaptation and visuospatial attention
NameLiu, Yinghua (author); McGinty, Vincent (chair); Krekelberg, Bart (internal member); Baker, Travis (internal member); Koos, Tibor (internal member); Parra, Lucas (outside member); Rutgers University; Graduate School - Newark
Date Created2021
Other Date2021-05 (degree)
SubjectNeuroscience, Transcranial alternating current stimulation
Extent1 online resource (xi, 99 pages)
DescriptionTranscranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) is a noninvasive brain stimulation technique that passes a mild sinusoidal current through a few scalp electrodes to modulate neural activity. The relatively simple set up of tACS makes it a feasible and affordable approach of brain intervention that can benefit the general public. tACS has brought exciting behavioral effects on augmentation of various aspects of cognitive performance. Meanwhile, rising concerns have surfaced on the high variability in tACS results and call for a better understanding of the neural mechanisms of tACS. The work presented in this thesis answered this need by studying tACS with a multi-methodological approach: in the first study, we investigated the effect of tACS on the orientation selective response of neurons in the primary visual cortex of monkeys through extracellular recording; in the second study, we tested the behavioral outcomes of tACS with healthy human subjects. We found that tACS at a broad range of frequencies consistently induced a mild reduction of adaptation of the tuning properties of orientation selective neurons. Meanwhile, we found a frequency-selective modulation of spike timing. These results provided valuable evidence of tACS modulation on a translatable function with a rarely studied animal model of tACS. It showed the generalizability of adaptation attenuation that was first found in the visual motion encoding neurons with tACS. The frequency-independent effect of adaptation attenuation suggested a cellular mechanism of tACS that was likely not dependent on membrane potential. Our human behavioral study combined HD-tACS with a classic cognitive paradigm, the Posner endogenous attention cueing task. We found robust effect of tACS at 10 Hz but not 40 Hz, on reaction time to the visual targets. tACS targeting the right temporoparietal junction and the occipital visual areas each significantly delayed subjects’ reaction time. The robust effect demonstrated the potential of this behavioral paradigm as a reliable research tool to probe tACS effect. It also provided indirect supporting evidence for the role of alpha oscillation in attention suppression. Taken together, this thesis contributed valuable insights into both the basic mechanism of tACS and practical improvement of tACS application.
NotePh.D.
NoteIncludes bibliographical references
Genretheses, ETD doctoral
Persistent URLhttps://doi.org/doi:10.7282/t3-tcd1-7973
LanguageEnglish
CollectionGraduate School - Newark Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Organization NameRutgers, The State University of New Jersey
RightsThe author owns the copyright to this work.
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