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Essays in economics of education
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Jang, Hyunjoo. Essays in economics of education. Retrieved from https://doi.org/doi:10.7282/t3-zxza-k611

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TitleEssays in economics of education
NameJang, Hyunjoo (author); Hunt, Jennifer (chair); Carolyn, Moehling (member); Gang, Ira (member); Thapa, Amrit (member); Rutgers University; School of Graduate Studies
Date Created2021
Other Date2021-10 (degree)
SubjectEconomics, Education -- Economic aspects
Extent1 online resource (xii, 120 pages) : illustrations
DescriptionIn Chapter 2, I analyze the effect of supplementary private schooling – cram schools and tutoring – on educational attainment and wages using the Korean Youth Panel 2007. I use the number of cram schools near the residence of a child at age 14 and cram school business hour regulations as instruments to examine the effects of cram schools and tutoring. I find that cram schools and tutoring have a large positive impact on the probability of enrollment in and graduation from a four-year college in Seoul by age 27. Although statistically insignificant, I find a negative impact of cram school and a large positive impact of tutoring on wages. However, the effects are close to zero if the final educational attainment is controlled. In Chapter 3, I study the response to Covid-19 of parental spending on supplementary education. Covid-19 has caused unprecedented social and economic shocks including disruption in public education. In countries such as South Korea, where the supplementary for-profit private education market is vast, supplementary private education could potentially help to compensate for the disruption. Alternatively, negative income shocks and uncertainty about future income coupled with restrictions on supplementary education could reduce demand. If higher-income families are more able to afford an increase in supplementary education, or have incomes less affected by Covid-19, the educational disruption could increase educational inequality. I use the Household Trend Survey of South Korea to examine the recent evolution of spending on supplementary private education. By using linear probability and Ordinary Least Square models, I find that the Covid-19 has negative effects which do not differ statistically significantly by household income. The reductions in spending on supplementary education are also similar for households with younger and older children.
In Chapter 4, I examine changes in firms' hiring in response to an anti-discrimination provision. In July 2007, legislation prohibiting discriminatory treatment of temporary and agency workers came into force in South Korea. I exploit the staged introduction of the anti-discrimination provision by firm size to examine its impact on firms’ employment decisions. Regression discontinuity results using the Workplace Panel data suggest that firms of different sizes reacted differently. The effect on temporary employment is a statistically significant decline of 24 workers for firms with about 300 workers, while it is large and positive for firms with about 100 workers, though statistically insignificant. The effect on agency employment is large and positive for both firm types, though statistically insignificant. On the whole, these results do not reflect the expected employment declines. The effect on atypical employment, not directly targeted by the legislation, is large and positive for the larger firms but a statistically significant reduction of 13 workers for the smaller firms. The effects on permanent employment are small and statistically insignificant.
NotePh.D.
NoteIncludes bibliographical references
Genretheses
Persistent URLhttps://doi.org/doi:10.7282/t3-zxza-k611
LanguageEnglish
CollectionSchool of Graduate Studies Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Organization NameRutgers, The State University of New Jersey
RightsThe author owns the copyright to this work.
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