Walters, Jonah. The popular economy and its protagonists: community, cooperation, and development in Nicaragua. Retrieved from https://doi.org/doi:10.7282/t3-4y96-de37
DescriptionThe popular economy is a national economic community in Nicaragua sustained by the imaginative and material labors of worker-producers organized into households, cooperatives, and other self-managing associations. The popular economy is linked to a theory of socialist transition in which multiple economic systems, each associated with its own political subjects, compete for hegemony within an internally differentiated national economy where multiple forms of property are guaranteed by the power of the state. Based on this theory, popular economy protagonists and Sandinista intellectuals insist that voluntary associations of worker-producers estranged from the capitalist wage labor sector can enact a systemic alternative to capitalist development in place, displacing private capital from its superior social position while frustrating the social reproduction of the capitalist system. This dissertation draws on interviews and participant observation conducted between 2016 and 2020 to document the subjective experience of the popular economy as well as the state project of twenty-first century Sandinista developmentalism in which it presently enrolled. It also synthesizes existing scholarship with original archival research conducted in Managua, New York, and Pennsylvania to account for the popular economy’s emergence and development over time—especially through conflictive social movement coalitions such as the Nicaraguan Community Movement (MCN)—in urban and agrarian environments. By analyzing the popular economy in conjunctural perspective, this dissertation proposes a framework for understanding the relational and iterative processes through which diverse post-neoliberal social configurations are enacted, reproduced, and contested within specific spatial and temporal contexts.