DescriptionThe cultural heritage of ancient Rome is ubiquitous throughout the Mediterranean world and has had a lasting global influence. This omnipresence of Rome’s legacy is not only a result of its hegemonic power in the Mediterranean world for 1000 years, but its cultural contributions that extended well past its borders. The focus of this paper is how ancient Roman cultural heritage influences the narrative history and identity of former frontier areas differently. Since Scotland and Romania are at opposite extremes of the vastness of the Roman Empire they have been chosen as the focus for this paper. These two locations were occupied by Rome at different times and have unique historical narratives. Through a comparative study of the similarities and differences of Roman heritage, a better understanding can be achieved on how Roman heritage affects the contemporary identity of these countries.