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Correlating the nanoscale mechanical and chemical properties of knockout mice bones
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Title
Correlating the nanoscale mechanical and chemical properties of knockout mice bones
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http://hdl.rutgers.edu/1782.2/rucore10001600001.ETD.13470
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ETD_134
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English
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theses
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Topic
Ceramic and Materials Science and Engineering
Subject
(ID = SBJ-1);
(authority = ETD-LCSH)
Topic
Bone resorption
Subject
(ID = SBJ-1);
(authority = ETD-LCSH)
Topic
Bone remodeling
Subject
(ID = SBJ-1);
(authority = ETD-LCSH)
Topic
Resorption (Physiology)
Subject
(ID = SBJ-1);
(authority = ETD-LCSH)
Topic
Osteopontin
Abstract
Bone is a mineral-organic composite where the organic matrix is mainly type I collagen plus small amounts of non-collagenous proteins including osteopontin (OPN), osteocalcin (OC) and fibrillin 2 (Fbn2). Mature bone undergoes remodeling continually so new bone is formed and old bone resorbed. Uncoupling between the bone resorption and bone formation causes an overall loss of bone mass and leads to diseases like osteoporosis and osteopenia. These are characterized by structural deterioration of the bone tissue and an increased risk of fracture. The non-collagenous bone proteins are known to have a role in regulating bone turnover and to affect the structural integrity of bone. OPN and OC play a key role in bone resorption and formation, while absence of Fbn-2 causes a connective tissue disorder (congenital contractural arachnodactyly) and has been associated with decreased bone mass.
In this thesis nanoindentation and Raman-microspectroscopy techniques were used to investigate and correlate the mechanical and chemical properties of cortical femoral bones from OPN deficient (OPN-/-), OC deficient (OC-/-) and Fbn-2 deficient (Fbn2-/-) mice and their age, sex and background matched wild-type controls (OPN+/+, OC+/+ and Fbn2+/+). For OPN the hardness (H) and elastic modulus (E) of under 12 week OPN-/- bones were significantly lower than for OPN+/+ bones, but Raman showed no significant difference. Mechanical properties of bones from mice older than 12 weeks were not significantly different with genotype. However, mineralization and crystallinity from >50 week OPN-/- bones were significantly higher than for OPN+/+ bones. Mechanical properties of OPN-/- bones showed no variation with age, but mineralization, crystallinity and type-B carbonate substitution increased for both genotypes. For OC-/- intra-bone analyses showed that the hardness and crystallinity of the bones were significantly higher, especially in the mid-cortical sections, compared to OC+/+ bones. Fbn2-/- bones had significantly lower hardness and elastic modulus compared to Fbn2+/+ bones, but the crystallinity was higher. Type-B carbonate substitution decreased significantly in OC-/- and Fbn2-/- bones compared to their wild-type controls.
The thesis has provided new insight into how non-collagenous proteins affect the nanomechanics and chemistry of bone tissue. This information will assist in the development of new treatments for osteopenia/osteoporosis.
In this thesis nanoindentation and Raman-microspectroscopy techniques were used to investigate and correlate the mechanical and chemical properties of cortical femoral bones from OPN deficient (OPN-/-), OC deficient (OC-/-) and Fbn-2 deficient (Fbn2-/-) mice and their age, sex and background matched wild-type controls (OPN+/+, OC+/+ and Fbn2+/+). For OPN the hardness (H) and elastic modulus (E) of under 12 week OPN-/- bones were significantly lower than for OPN+/+ bones, but Raman showed no significant difference. Mechanical properties of bones from mice older than 12 weeks were not significantly different with genotype. However, mineralization and crystallinity from >50 week OPN-/- bones were significantly higher than for OPN+/+ bones. Mechanical properties of OPN-/- bones showed no variation with age, but mineralization, crystallinity and type-B carbonate substitution increased for both genotypes. For OC-/- intra-bone analyses showed that the hardness and crystallinity of the bones were significantly higher, especially in the mid-cortical sections, compared to OC+/+ bones. Fbn2-/- bones had significantly lower hardness and elastic modulus compared to Fbn2+/+ bones, but the crystallinity was higher. Type-B carbonate substitution decreased significantly in OC-/- and Fbn2-/- bones compared to their wild-type controls.
The thesis has provided new insight into how non-collagenous proteins affect the nanomechanics and chemistry of bone tissue. This information will assist in the development of new treatments for osteopenia/osteoporosis.
PhysicalDescription
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xiv, 149 pages
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Ph.D.
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Kavukcuoglu
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Nadire Beril
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Nadire Kavukcuoglu
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Mann
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Adrian
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Adrian B Mann
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Cosandey
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Frederic
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Frederic Cosandey
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Matthewson
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John
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John Matthewson
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Guzelsu
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Nejat
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Nejat Guzelsu
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Rutgers University
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Graduate School-New Brunswick
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2007
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2007
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Graduate School - New Brunswick Electronic Theses and Dissertations
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rucore19991600001
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doi:10.7282/T3GQ6Z5S
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ETD doctoral
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Nadire Kavukcuoglu
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Rutgers University. Graduate School-New Brunswick
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I hereby grant to the Rutgers University Libraries and to my school the non-exclusive right to archive, reproduce and distribute my thesis or dissertation, in whole or in part, and/or my abstract, in whole or in part, in and from an electronic format, subject to the release date subsequently stipulated in this submittal form and approved by my school. I represent and stipulate that the thesis or dissertation and its abstract are my original work, that they do not infringe or violate any rights of others, and that I make these grants as the sole owner of the rights to my thesis or dissertation and its abstract. I represent that I have obtained written permissions, when necessary, from the owner(s) of each third party copyrighted matter to be included in my thesis or dissertation and will supply copies of such upon request by my school. I acknowledge that RU ETD and my school will not distribute my thesis or dissertation or its abstract if, in their reasonable judgment, they believe all such rights have not been secured. I acknowledge that I retain ownership rights to the copyright of my work. I also retain the right to use all or part of this thesis or dissertation in future works, such as articles or books.
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